Metaplasia of the stomach focal intestinal

The issue in which the gastric epithelium is replaced by intestinal, causes a lot of discomfort and pain. Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach can be in some groups of the gastric glands, rollers and holes. The localization problem has a direct impact on how it will manifest. If the filling of the pits, its cells become similar to intestinal crypts, but if the cushion – the cells are resemble the villi of the intestine. The first passage of this process in humans was described over 100 years ago. Despite this, in modern medicine all the features of this disease not yet described. This particular problem is fairly common, especially in people of advanced age. According to studies, in 100% of cases the disease is diagnosed in people who have long suffered from gastritis. Also stomach cancer becomes the cause of the disease. The same studies indicate that 80-100% of intestinal metaplasia is accompanied by stomach ulcers in 50% of duodenal ulcer. There are known cases of diagnosis of problems in healthy people. The above information determines that the risk is quite a lot of people. So let us consider this disease, what diagnostic methods are used in modern medicine which may be prescribed treatment.

Classification of pathologies

For all the time studies have revealed two main types of intestinal metaplasia:

1. The first specifies the full development of the disease. It is also called the small bowel.
2. The second is incomplete or immature, also known as colonic.

The first type can be characterized by the fact that the stomach appear in all the cells which are peculiar to the small intestine. While goblet cells are filling not the entire space, and alternate with aniracetam. In research special attention is paid to the presence of Paneth cells, which have apical grit. They indicate the type of metaplasia of the stomach.

To diagnose the second type of disease there is an alternation of goblet cells with prismatic. Thus cells of a Patent can not be detected. The epithelium in this case has an increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio.

The above information determines that the full crate metaplasia of the stomach are similar to the tissue of the small intestine, in incomplete form on the tissues of the colon. Both forms of the disease are observed in goblet cells.

The results of these studies indicate that the full form of the disease is much more common than incomplete. Also there are cases of combining both diseases. Many doctors think that fat metaplasia is a form of transition in relation to not complete.

Because of the peculiarities of power in the modern world, when natural products are gradually leaving the day-to-day diet, chronic gastritis is diagnosed more often. In chronic gastritis intestinal metaplasia is detected quite often. Another form of disease is diagnosed only 11% of cases development of chronic gastritis. If the patient develops stomach cancer, 94% are developing one of the forms of disease under consideration. You should consider the point that in the absence of necessary treatment for the manifestation of pathologies can lead to death. Therefore, treatment should be undertaken immediately.

In addition, the classification of the disease is on the basis of distribution:

1. Weak – in this case the cells cover less than 5% of the surface area of the stomach wall. Similar focal metaplasia also requires timely treatment because the transition from this stage of development of the disease in the following is relatively quick.
2. Reasonable is diagnosed more often than all the others, because when you lose from 5 to 20% of the stomach begins to show symptoms, which becomes the cause of treatment of the patient for help.

   

3. Expressed – spread cells bowel is more than 20% of the surface of the stomach wall.

The classification is based on the degree of atrophy of the glands:

1. Minor.
2. Intermediate.
3. Full.

The above classification allows to determine, how complex the situation is sick. As previously noted, if time does not provide treatment there is a probability of death.

The causes of the disease

Despite the fact that some of the processes of occurrence of the considered diseases were not yet fully understood, there are several reasons due to which to develop metaplasia:

1. Irritation of the gastric mucosa.
2. The flow of inflammatoryprocesses in the mucosa.
3. Chronic manifestation of esophagitis.
4. Exacerbation of chronic gastritis.
5. Stress, depressions.
6. Stomach cancer.

The course of the disease in almost all cases is one and the same scenario. Due to the significant reduction in stomach acidity reduces the concentration of gastric bacteria that causes formation of intestinal microflora. Also, the reduced acidity leads to the emergence of bacteria able to synthesize enzymes. They combine with nitrites, nitrates and create substances which are carcinogenic. Note that excessive consumption of salt and alcohol can cause increase in the concentration of carcinogenic substances in the stomach.

What are the symptoms?

Certain symptoms may indicate what happened metaplasia of the gastric mucosa. Often symptoms are expressed as follows:

1. Loss of appetite.
2. Severe nausea and vomiting for no apparent reason.
3. Painful or unpleasant sensations in the epigastric region.

The above symptoms may indicate many other problems. However, early diagnosis of problems that include applying the patient at risk, the physician should consider the likelihood of the reporting of the disease and prescribe adequate inspection.

Diagnosis and treatment

Significantly the deterioration of comfort of life of the patient, as well as the probability of death if untreated, determine what the diagnosis of this disease is paid much attention. If you suspect that the changes in the microflora of the stomach is assigned to histological examination. The detection of abnormalities the extent of its spread is determined by means of a special dye. After the introduction, he spends the staining of cells in a different color, which allows them to quickly recognize.

You should pay attention to the fact that treatment of intestinal metaplasia may be a medical or a surgical method. The choice of treatment depends on the extent of the disease.

Drug treatment is assigned to achieve the following objectives:

1. Certain drugs can destroy the Helicobacter pylori.
2. Cancer prevention.
3. Elimination of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Of H. pylori can be eliminated with antibiotics. Note, however, that such treatment also leads to destruction of the natural intestinal flora, which can not be tolerated. The result can be a goiter. In order to prevent goiter is the administration of drugs that strengthen the immune system. Also there are drugs that promote the restoration of gastrointestinal microflora. Many can be used as a preventive means. The last time medical treatment of the steel to combine with traditional methods. Note, however, that only traditional methods will not allow you to restore the condition of the stomach. As a rule, they only allow you to reduce the manifestation of symptoms.

The treatment is carried out entirely under the supervision of a specialist. If it does not lead to the expected result, is assigned to the operation. Radical method of treatment is open access, as well as by laparoscopy. The radical treatment method can significantly reduce the likelihood of carcinogenic tumors.

What is metaplasia? Often this disease is a result of other problems with the digestive system due to improper nutrition. That is why the treatment is also aimed at the formation of the right diet that is:

1. Consume a food in small portions but often.
2. Before bedtime is not recommended tightly to dinner.
3. Fasting is also not a cure, as it increases the risk of ulcers.

As a rule, the doctor is the diet according to the patient's condition. In some cases, assigned some physical therapy, as some problems with the digestive system occur because of low mobility.

Prevention

Special attention should be paid to prevention. Consider the disease develops over several months and years that determines the occurrence of difficulties in its treatment. To prevent the development of pathologies is possible by keeping sanitary-hygienic norms of nutrition. They are as follows:

1. A significant limitation of the used preservatives.

   

2. You should not always eat spicy and salty food.
3. Alcoholic beverages also violate the microflora of the stomach.

Increase the amount of used products which are rich in dietary fibers and high in fiber, antioxidants, is the main measure of prevention. You should also periodically conduct histological studies that will help to identify the problem at an early stage of its development.