Dysentery - treatment requires a range of measures, and we will tell you about them

Treatment of shigellosis

The treatment of dysentery today is not as difficult as a few centuries ago, when it was required a long quarantine in order to prevent large-scale epidemics. However, the disease remains difficult and unpleasant, but in countries with low level of hygiene from him still suffer tens of thousands of people. But in our country every year recorded many cases. And not to fill a statistics, you must have a basic understanding of the diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Dysentery is often called the disease of dirty hands, because the lack of minimum prevention and violated the quarantine make a new intrusion was possible. The causative agent most often are the bacteria Shigella, rarely amoeba. They affect the mucosa of the large intestine and secrete large number of toxins that cause symptoms.

As a rule, after the disappearance of the pathogens are contained in the chair for another 2-3 weeks. At this period it is necessary to observe quarantine.

In a healthy body the pathogens enter through the mouth via dirty hands, unwashed fruits and vegetables, products that have not undergone heat treatment. Theoretically there is a possibility of transmission via insects, primarily flies. But the most severe and widespread outbreaks cause contamination of drinking water in contact with it sewage. In such cases, a strict quarantine.

The incubation period of dysentery are short – 1-2 days, rarely up to a week. After that, symptoms: frequent diarrhea, with mucus and blood in the stool, and pain in the abdomen, especially in right iliac region, which are worse before urination in the toilet. Many complain of General weakness, lack of appetite, fever – classic symptoms of intoxication.

In most cases, there is an acute form, at least – of chronic. Recently on the background of the wide distribution of antibiotics increasingly see erased. There are also recurrent dysentery and carriers with the release of the bacteria.

Specific diagnosis of dysentery in most cases is not required. Doctor enough to conduct a survey and General inspection to suspect the disease. Similar signs have a number of other intestinal infections and in some cases required fecal. Also diagnosis of dysentery may include a General analysis of blood, urine, cultures, examination of the bowel. This is particularly important in controversial cases, when the erased and the chronic form.

At home or in the hospital?

Although a sick person is contagious, minimum prevention and quarantine allows to eliminate the spread of the disease. Wash hands thoroughly after visiting the toilet, handle all the food, and most importantly – good to wash away the feces, and regularly disinfected the toilet. Full quarantine is not required.

Therefore, patients with light and moderate current can pass to take antibiotics and other medications prescribed by a doctor at home.

Usually, the patient is in the hospital as long as there are the main symptoms. After normalization of stool, it can continue the therapy at home. For a long period of quarantine, as with other infectious diseases, which in this case is not required.

At the onset of symptoms must see a doctor, but first aid is at home – drink plenty of liquids. Not give people potentially suffering from dysentery, diarrhea medications, as they only erase the symptoms and do not let the doctor make the correct diagnosis.

Drinking regime

In the acute stage of dysentery is associated with a high loss of fluid through diarrhea, sweating. In severe forms there may also be vomiting.

Therefore, first aid for early frequent diarrhea is to ensure patient a sufficient amount of liquid.

Optimally, if it will apply special solutions for rehydration of the body. To buy powders for their preparation at any pharmacy. But emergency at home they can be cooked on their own. To do this in a liter of drinking or boiled water dissolve a tablespoon of salt and two of sugar.

In addition, you can drink unsweetened black or herbal tea, non-acidic fruit drinks, liquid, jelly, water, diluted juices (except grape, because it provokes fermentation). From the diet shouldeliminate carbonated beverages, coffee, acidic juices.

In day it is necessary to drink liquid enough to cover the loss with the feces and then, but not less than 2-3 liters. You need to drink small amounts, 50-100 grams, but often.

In severe forms, especially accompanied by vomiting, prevention of dehydration is the introduction of solutions intravenously through IV drips: normal saline, glucose saline solutions.

Drug therapy

The treatment of dysentery and also includes medications. A combination of drugs is chosen based on the stage of the disease, symptoms, age and condition of patients. Most often prescribe the following medications:

• Antibiotics. They are fighting directly with the pathogen, reducing the healing process. As a rule, prescribe any particular form, but sometimes may require a more complicated scheme.
• Sorbents. They absorb the toxins from the bacteria, and reduce the appearance of intoxication.
• Antispasmodic. Prescribe pills or injections to relieve spasms of the intestine, causing the patient pain and inconvenience.
• Vitamins and minerals. They are especially important for children, elderly and handicapped people.
• Additional therapy. Antipyretics, digestive enzymes, prebiotics, often to treat dysentery, requires quite a complex set of drugs.

Food in dysentery

As in the treatment of children and adults of the crucial role proper diet plays in dysentery. It is especially important to provide health food at home, where the doctor has no ability to control the power.

The type of food is significantly different for different stages of the disease. So the first, most difficult days, it is better to do without solid food. In severe intoxication recommend table # 0A in Pevzneru: fruit drinks, teas, jelly, dogrose infusion, weak broth. The task of this diet is to relieve the intestines and provide the body with sufficient amounts of liquid.

With the improvement the patient is transferred to table No. 4B, implying boiled or steam food chopped or pureed. Recommend doing mashed potatoes, steam cutlets, quenelles, soufflé, lean meat or fish. From allowed vegetables zucchini, carrots, cauliflower, potatoes, pumpkin. You can also cook the soup on low-fat broth with well-cooked or pureed ingredients and the oatmeal in the water. To restore the function of the bowel is especially recommended milk products: kefir, yogurt, fermented baked milk, fresh cheese. Permitted steam omelettes, boiled eggs, small quantities of butter and sour cream. Power fractional, small portions. All food must be fresh, not allowed long-term storage.

Forbidden rough, sharp, sour, salty, pickled, fatty, fried foods, vegetables and fruits with rough fiber, coffee, carbonated beverages, fresh bread and pastries.

Food of children is based on the same principle, taking into account the age and endurance of products.

After the chair stabiliziruemost, you can go to table # 2. Is food more diverse, and most importantly – does not require grinding of food. Banned are the same products, but may be baking, light frying without breading. You should avoid vegetables with tough fiber, such as radishes, cucumbers, peppers, cabbage, beans, mushrooms.

Because such a gentle diet provides the body with sufficient vitamins, should be taken further. Tablets with vitamins a, C, E, a group appointed by the doctor individually. This is especially important for children who are in the active growth stage.

Sum up. Dysentery is an intestinal infectious disease that is more common in children, elderly and handicapped people. It is accompanied by diarrhea and intoxication. For the treatment requires medical attention and sometimes hospitalization, but the long quarantine is not required, and can be treated at home. Prescribe a range of drugs: antibiotic, sorbent, antispasmodics, vitamins. An important part of therapy – drinking regime and diet.

Today dysentery responds well to treatment and in children and adults. But still, the basic prevention will protect you from this unpleasant condition.