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False positive HIV tests causes

Every year despite the advent of modern methods of treatment the problem with the spread of HIV is constantly growing. The level of life in the country began to have an insignificant impact on the likelihood of disease. Every year AIDS kills a large number of people. Despite what the doctors say about the possibility of significantly extending life in practice, this turns out not always. The important point can be called timely detection of the virus in the manifestation of the primary symptoms. In this case, the person can promptly rebuild their lives, give up bad habits and begin to closely monitor their health. If a virus is detected on a second or final stage of the disease, the probability of prolongation of life is very small. This is due to the fact that during several years of developing a strong immune system is affected, as a result begin to develop diseases, which are rare in humans. However, even ordinary diseases are manifested in the most severe form. That is why it is necessary to conduct analyses, as if testing positive for HIV, you should immediately begin treatment. However, there are fairly common cases in which the test drive to getting a false positive result on testing for HIV. Consider all the features of the considered diagnosis.

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Tests for HIV or AIDS — what's the difference?

To begin to understand whether there is a difference in HIV and AIDS, and how they will be tested. Highlight the following key points:

  1. It affects the immune system HIV infection and AIDS is the final stage of its development.
  2. From the moment of infection to the development of the immune deficiency can take several years, with proper treatment, a few decades.
  3. Infection itself is causing the symptoms in the first stage of development, which can be confused with symptoms of colds or flu.

Thus it is possible to download that positive or negative result is given for the determination of HIV infection. As for AIDS, to determine the stage of the disease development is more complex study. Therefore, a positive test for HIV becomes the reason for other studies.

Laboratory research

Possible error while receiving a positive result? Unfortunately, the study commissioned of a sample the usual method may be a typographical error. Consider the features of false positive HIV test and the reasons for it is received.

Quite often prerequisites for such study blood becomes normal study put the sample in, for example, the diagnosis of SARS or influenza. Quite a few people walking purposefully to get tested for HIV. Only after the blood test, which is designed to detect the infection in question, you can exclude the probability of obtaining a false positive result.

Like many other viruses, HIV becomes the reason for the significant increase in the concentration of antibodies in the blood. However, this indicator can point to many other health problems. At high concentrations of antibodies, the doctors and the patient should be diagnosed as the cause may still be related to HIV infection.

Lozhnopolozhitelnyj analiz na vich prichiny

Pretty frequent question men and women you can call it, how long should I wait to get a result and what are the terms in which needs to be studied. Specialists suggest that the study commissioned analysis can be performed in 5-6 months after delivery. For such a long time the virus does not disappear from the taken tests. As a rule, research can be carried out within 2-3 weeks.

Diagnosis of HIV is carried out in two stages:

  1. IFA.
  2. The method of immunoblotting.

The first stage is carried out in order to weed out the healthy from the suspicious antibodies. However, this method is inadequate for definitive diagnosis. At this stage, the result may be a false positive.

More complex and accurate method of determining HIV infection is considered immunoblotting. This method allows you to get an accurate result on which to draw when making a diagnosis. The essence of this method consists in the destruction of the virus antigens, followed by a detailed study of antibodies. In this case, the erroneous result may be less than when performing only the first stage. However, even he does not give 100% guarantee of accuracy, soin some cases the information received may be the cause of setting the wrong diagnosis.

The world practice of defining HIV infection indicates distribution of false positive results. This is because many diseases can cause a similar response to the commissioned study sample for the presence of HIV infection. The IFA is done only on the recommendation of the doctor to recreate the overall clinical picture. Only in the second method the doctors to be able to deliver more accurate diagnosis.

For many years quite often to be found a warning that at the time of blood donation can be infected with HIV. However, the current precautions, which consist in using only disposable instruments in the collection of blood determines what the probability of infection at the time of visiting the hairdresser is much higher. So do not afraid to go to donate blood for this reason.

Features of development of HIV in the body determines the fact that even when using modern research methods and equipment to detect antibodies is not always possible. This is due to the fact that each person's stage of propagation of the virus is different. Experts point out that when blood within less than a month after possible infection is, the probability of obtaining a result that is false: both negative and positive.

How to exclude the probability of obtaining a false result of blood tests?

The point that the result may be as false-positive and false-negative defines some recommendations to carrying out of blood tests. As a rule, if the result after the first blood donation is also assigned and second, repeated research over time. Quite often the reasons for obtaining different results is the irregularity in the preparation of the sample. The error of the hospital staff, which specializiruetsya on the definition of HIV or AIDS, almost equal to zero.

Lozhnopolozhitelnyj analiz na vich prichiny

It is worth remembering that before testing is not recommended to eat sour, spicy, fried foods, carbonated mineral water. Regardless of how many were carried out the use of these products, there is a probability of obtaining a false result. Therefore, when considering whether a technician to make a mistake when collecting tests should pay attention to the observance of recommendation on what can and what can not be used, to do before conducting this procedure.

Also to reduce the probability of error in the study is possible when you select a medical institution that specializiruetsya on the conduct of the studies. 100% you can be sure of getting an accurate result only when repeated studies in six months, since such a long incubation period from HIV infection have not yet been observed.

What is the incubation period and how is it determined?

As the results of years of research at the initial stage of infection in 99% of cases the virus itself, practically does not show. The degree of manifestation of the virus depends on the General condition of the body and the immune system. In this case, already at the time of occurrence of the incubation period the virus can be transmitted most often through sexual intercourse and if you use the same shaving supplies.

Also when considering the incubation period should pay attention to the following points:

  1. As a rule, the original seems to IFA after the occurrence of 3-6 months after the probable infection.
  2. In some cases, the virus manifests itself after the passage of 2 months from the moment of infection. However, this situation is quite rare.
  3. The primary symptoms may appear much later or absent.

While in appearance it who have HIV infection is not practically to determine. So no matter how well did not look new sexual partner, use contraception, as it significantly reduces the risk of infection, but does not give a 100% guarantee of protection.

What are the causes of false positive result?

Recently very popular method of analysis in the home anonymously. However, it is worth considering that in such a case, there is a high probability of errors, which will lead to a false positive result.

To reduce the probability of obtaining a false result by testing in qualified laboratories. Experts know how to reduce the error probability to 0.01%. However, this figure does not take into account the fact that the result may affect a specific patient's condition, the presence of other hidden infections and chronic diseases.

Lozhnopolozhitelnyj analiz na vich prichiny

The most common causes of false positive result can be attributed:

  1. The presence of other infections.
  2. Quite often it is difficult to determine with high accuracy HIV during pregnancy. While the risk group also includes women who already gave birth a few times.
  3. Repeated blood donation asdonor's.
  4. With the active development of influenza virus or herpes as the manifestation of clinical symptoms and without them.
  5. To infections of the respiratory system.
  6. When the disease, which leads to a significant increase of blood density.
  7. At the initial stage of development of autoimmune diseases.
  8. When getting herpes virus, and tuberculosis.
  9. When poor indicator of blood clotting, which is a genetic disease.
  10. When testing at the time of fever, which arose for various reasons.
  11. For arthritis.
  12. The development of cancer in different stages.
  13. At a recent transplantation of organs.
  14. Disease, leading to vascular lesions.
  15. With a significant increase in the level of antibodies for an unknown reason.
  16. With the development of various types of sclerosis.
  17. If testing is conducted by a woman at the time of passing the critical days.
  18. With increasing bilirubin.

There are many processes that can cause a false positive result. For example, allergies in the blood becomes the reason for the development of antigens that can be recognized as foreign. At the time of pregnancy diagnosis is complicated because of hormonal failure, but this is not all women.

Possible medical errors

A false positive result can be obtained with the error of physicians. This is the case because:

  1. Violation of requirements for conditions of transportation of the collected analysis.
  2. The use of incorrect or defective serums, which are the basis of the method of ELISA.
  3. In violation of established rules of sampling of genetic material.
  4. For violation of rules of storage of blood.

Unfortunately, medical errors are quite common in medical institutions of small towns. In the centres of control of HIV infection the probability that medical personnel violate the rules is very small. It also reduces the likelihood of errors when testing in paid medical institutions, as a proven fact of errors that led to moral and material damage of the client, may cause selection of a license.