Home / Viral infection / Enterovirus / SanPiN by enterovirus infections, activities in the outbreak of the disease

SanPiN by enterovirus infections, activities in the outbreak of the disease

Why do you need SanPiN

Thanks to this normative act, it turns out clearly to regulate anti-epidemic measures and to provide preventive assistance to the population. SanPiN for enterovirus infection helps to identify and define all safety criteria. Its rules and regulations must be respected in all institutions equally, regardless of their departmental subordination or form of ownership. So SanPiN of enterovirus infection by a new and more accurate standards established at the state level, commits to act the same in all institutions.


All the rules and regulations developed under existing legislation and international conventions. It is therefore mandatory for all organizations, enterprises and institutions. Subject to all rules and regulations turns out to reduce the circulation of enterovirus infection among the population and to protect it from the epidemic.

The importance of rules and regulations

SanPiN plays a very important role and performs multiple functions in all institutions of the state. Thanks to him, we've been able to reduce the incidence of disease and not allow it to spread to most parts of the territory. This helps to maintain the health of the population and time to reduce the incidence. Preventive measures are no less important. Because thanks to them even in times of enterovirus infection fails to protect the population from infection.

In Sunpine thoroughly explained and spelled out all sanitary rules and regulations that you must follow. They are written in the form of a complex of sanitary, prophylactic and hygienic processes. Also clearly identifies the actions in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.

The implementation of SanPiN is controlled by special state authorities. A failure to comply with rules and regulations attracts severe punishment.

The General situation on enteroviral infections

Nepali of enterovirus infection represented by a group of acute infectious diseases. These infections are of viral etiology and are caused by different enteroviruses. The main causative agents of the disease:

  • Coxsackie And,
  • Coxsackie In,
  • ECHO,
  • unclassified enteroviruses.

All enteroviruses are quite resistant and can remain for a long time outside the human body. Mostly they remain viable in different types of water and soil. To be in them, they can take quite a while, keeping its danger. And last this time, maybe up to 2 months.

To fashionable infection from a diseased person or carrier of the virus. Path of transmission: airborne and fecal-oral. When viruses enter the body, they fall into the perfect conditions for rapid reproduction and infestation of the media. So being in the intestine, they begin to actively proliferate for a long time and then fall into the environment, infecting contact with an infected. The incubation period of the infection infection lasts up to 10 days.

Nepali enterovirus infection causes of the disease from fever to meningoencephalitis. Children 3-10 years are the most susceptible to these types of the virus. Newborn to 3 months have a natural immunity and are not susceptible to the disease. Adults rarely carry the infection and clinical manifestations are not pronounced. So acquiredimmunity to it.

The greatest period for infection and the spread of enterovirus Nepali infection is in the warm time of the year. And the high contagiousness affects up to 80% of the team, where there is one infected. Therefore, there are local outbreaks.

Features of the virus

Enterovirus infections characteristic polymorhism. It is expressed in a certain clinical picture and numerous lesions of various organs. It happens that one serotype can affect different systems and thus is manifested in the form of completely different symptoms. Also, different serotypes may be quite similar symptoms and clinical picture. The most dangerous are those that affect the nervous system.

In addition to polymorphism, diagnosis EVIE complicates the lack of the main symptoms. So for a more accurate diagnosis is necessary to conduct laboratory tests and to collect a full survey of the sick.

Screening for disease

The mandatory survey is conducted for people with one or multiple symptoms:

  • non-bacterial sepsis of newborn,
  • myocarditis,
  • HFMD-eczema,
  • neurological symptoms,
  • uveitis,
  • conjunctivitis with hemorrhagic manifestation,
  • myalgia,
  • herpangina.

If you experience group infection in the groups of children surveyed are also children with respiratory symptoms, gastroenteritis.

For correct diagnosis required the clinical signs, the survey and the results of laboratory tests. That they will rely when making a diagnosis. He is suspicious, probable and confirmed.

Suspicious authenticity happens when one or more syndromes.

The likely reliability of considered if overt clinical signs. It should also be linked to the disease was the focus.

A confirmed diagnosis will be in the apparent presence of clinical signs and laboratory results.

Detection and monitoring of contact

SanPiN for enterovirus infection requires to identify new cases and monitor contact patients that are suspected of infection. Carrying out this work medical staff organization. Have it right and those with private medical practice. The beginning of work when handling infected or during the examination or investigation.

Every case of infection, medical personnel by rules SanPiN obligation to record and notify emergency notification to sanitary epidemiological supervision. Notice is sent to the territorial identification of infection. In the journal of accounting is a record of the disease. Further, all these details contribute to the special form of state surveillance statistics.

Events on detection of the infected

Identified persons suspected of infection, and patients with a bright and quite clear symptoms and signs always hospitalized. Patients with obvious neurological symptoms, urgently need treatment, so they immediately sent to hospital treatment. Symptoms of infection can appear in the form:

  • serous meningitis,
  • viral encephalitis,
  • myelitis's,
  • meningoencephalitis's.

Patients with uveitis, myocarditis, and conjunctivitis, also require treatment in hospital. Patients with obvious clinical signs of urgency are isolated from the group where they were.

Absolutely all of the infected and those suspected infection must pass all the necessary laboratory tests to confirm the disease. Material take the examination on the same day, when hospitalitynet of the patient.

Material for the study

Current Regulations oblige to take study material from the body of an infected or a man whose doctors suspect the presence of virus in the body. In this case, you can have the stuff:

  • spinal fluid, blood, feces,
  • selection and conjunctival swabs of the nasopharynx,
  • ulcerative swabs.

Autopsy materials in the laboratory take with a lethal outcome. It includes tissue of any organ or scrapings of lesions.

Materials from infected choose different. This will depend on the disease and its external identification. The clinical picture may manifest itself in different people differently, depends on which material to choose for laboratory studies. All material is taken in sterile and delivered to the laboratory not later than 3 days after taking. The results of the study should be explained up to 7 days after delivery to the laboratory.

Laboratory diagnostics

All laboratory methods must be conducted by laboratories that have the necessary documentation authorizing you to work with agents of 3-4 groups of pathogenicity. Also the laboratory should have all the necessary normative and legal acts that allow the study for enterovirus. Such laboratories have the necessary equipment and special methods for surveys.

The study of material taken from infected persons or those suspected of infection, is carried out by several laboratory methods. Among them:

  • virological,
  • molecular-biological.

The second method of techniques is available to study wayPCR and sequencing of biopolymers.

To confirm the diagnosis after laboratory studies, can the presence of diverted material is free of viruses or their RNA. They should be in a sterile or non-sterile types of material. In this case, the infected should be obvious clinical symptoms, that is absolutely typical of the infection.

The diagnosis is confirmed in the study of non-sterile materials, and finding in them the genotype or serotype to the existing clinical picture. Also the diagnosis is confirmed in case of detection of the virus and its RNA in two non-sterile samples.

Organization precipitations events

Sanitary rules and norms oblige the relevant authorities to carry out of sanitary epidemiological surveillance in the outbreak of the disease. In this case, will hold a special epidemiological study of the focus, which helps:

  • set boundaries,
  • to identify the source,
  • to identify the contact,
  • to determine the transmission path,
  • to identify factors,
  • to set development focus.

For understanding and finding ways of transmission and its factors, get in the water. Use all types of water in the lesion. It could be drinking water or from a reservoir. Withdrawn materials are immediately sent to the laboratory for study. Their volume will determine the special bodies that oversee the hearth.

After receiving the results of the study prepare a plan, which includes all preventive and protivoepidemicheskie events. The plan may include quarantine, restrictions or a complete ban on mass actions, stop classes in Junior high, a ban on swimming in certain bodies of water. The plan also considers the establishment of a drinking mode and giperplazirovannah water for the population.

Events in foci

Preventive measures and activities aimed at the prevention of the epidemic foci, carried out under the control of the relevant authorities only by medical personnel. The responsibility for them lies on the head.

For localization where there Nepali enterovirus infection, it is necessary to identify all patients. Children during the morning arrival in nursery or Junior school visiting. Can also conduct a survey of parents and can make rounds every apartment. To identify and diagnose infection with the help of professionals. They are in their work take into account the clinical picture of the disease.

If necessary, is taken clinical material in contact with the sick. Materials are sent immediately to the study. The ratio of their intake regulate. This will depend on the particular development situation or complications in the hearth. Decide on professionals who are responsible for the health inspector oversight.

Monitoring contact

This observation necessarily need:

  • all in contact with infected,
  • contact with patients at home.

If the number of contact include children of different ages, adults that work with the food industry or water, household maintenance, or education of children.

Monitoring must be daily and all the data are included in a special list for observation. The duration of the observations depends to what extent Nepali enterovirus infection. Therefore, after isolation of the last patient observation lasts in mild forms 10 days, with heavy 20.

Restrictive measures in the outbreak

After isolation of the patient, current Regulations recommend that in the children's team some restrictive measures. They are imposed for a period of 10 days in mild EVIE and for 20 days in severe.

This term is not allowed the admission of new children and staff into the team, their transfer to other groups or companies. In addition, during the quarantine, the group does not take part in mass events. Children of the quarantine group will go for a walk in the absence of other groups on the site and have no contact with other groups in the room. Food and games also taking place in isolation from other group companies.

Measures for disinfection

Institutions and organizations are obliged to disinfect specialists employees who have received the necessary training on the correctness of the work. Required final disinfection high quality and will hold a special organization. They are in their activities of qualified professionals who know all the intricacies of such work. The house to be disinfected, can and the residents themselves, family members.

Disinfection are carried out only by means which are allowed to apply for these events and do not carry danger. They possess virucidal properties.

Supervision enterovirusom

The state sanitary epidemiological supervision always conducts monitoring of all viral processes. It is necessary for a proper understanding of the situation, for possible adjustment and selection of more proper sanitary, anti-epidemic and preventive actions. They are all directed at the preservation of the borders of the lesion and its non-proliferation.

This of sanitary epidemiological supervision is:

  • full monitoring of infection and monitoring carrier,
  • territorial analysis of incidence, risk factor and recurrence,
  • evaluation of effectiveness and prognosis.

Also carried out supervision on the biological properties infection,identificireba pathogen and its typing.

Such supervision is compulsory and becomes part of the actions aimed at prevention. The bodies of sanitary epidemiological supervision supervise the event and ensure that it adhered to all legal requirements.

Security provision

In the preventive actions is to ensure the safety of the population. Therefore, there are certain requirements to:

  • products and additives,
  • food raw materials,
  • materials in contact with food,
  • production technology,
  • imported product,
  • water.

Demands for various biological products, microorganisms and their toxins. There are also certain requirements for water, nutrition, education and training.

Responsibility for these requirements are included in legislation and must be implemented by all parties. It does not matter what form of ownership they have.

Supervision and monitoring

The competent bodies shall supervise the institutions. It includes monitoring of enteroviruses and their areas of circulation, information exchange, education on hygiene. During the monitoring of viruses be sure to take samples for study in laboratories. They are taken directly from the people and necessary parts of the environment.

Information exchange takes place with the border States for a more reliable situation situation. Also hold events that do not allow to prevent the importation of infection from other regions. As hygiene education is necessary to minimize morbidity and non-proliferation on a large area.

The monitoring lasts for years continued and developed when you take account of all local circumstances. In his program definitely has a list of facilities subject to inspections, frequency and time of surveys. The amount of material for research in the laboratories will be determined by the territorial authorities. If there is a need, the multiplicity of fence material can grow and expand.So water intake can be carried out at all stages of treatment or at random.

Education on hygiene

One of the most convenient and simple methods of prevention remains education of the population regarding the disease. To do this, the population is all the information about the infection, about its features. It identifies the symptoms, incubation period, complications and risks of infection, the age group most susceptible to the disease. All this information is disseminated through the media, posters of bulletins, through communication with patients and in many other ways.

Workers of separate professions, too, are necessary and hygiene. These people involve communicating, storing, preparation or sale of food or have contact with water. The staff canteen is also included in the training and should know about EVIE.

The risk of enterovirus infection

Most often the infection is transmitted through water and food. Therefore, during the actions in the foci of the disease, trying to conduct laboratory testing of food and water sources. Perhaps they are the cause. The disease is really dangerous. Therefore, all activities are carried out quickly and do not pull in a laboratory.

Enterovirus infection is reported in a rather weak form, and sometimes simply do not notice. But more dangerous is the disease in its severe form, because it may affect completely different organs. It can be intestines, kidneys, muscles, nervous and cardiovascular system and many other organs.

The leading place so far from meningitis. They occupy about 70% of all cases are reported enterovirus.

Treatment enterovirusnoj disease

To prevent the outbreak of infection using interferon. It is instilled into the nasal passages several times a day. It is also prescribed to patients. It is produced by the body's cells and helps to get rid of the infection, to increase the resistance of cells to virus. At this time, use alpha interferons.

Another group of drugs are immunoglobulins. They are quite effective for patients with reduced immunity. It is administered intravenously, which improves its absorption into the body and further exposure to the virus.

Kapsulirujushchie drugs are another group for treatment of a viral infection. High biodostupnostthew and activity against infection help to quickly deal with virus.

Timely conducted for all the sanitary rules and norms of action in relation to the outbreak of the disease, and patients contact be able to minimize the border of this lesion and to prevent the spread of the disease in the majority of the population.