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Incubation period enterovirus infection

Enterovirus infection enterovirus has different clinical symptoms manifestation. More common in newborns, occurs in the form of meningitis, mental disorders, epileptic seizures.

The main ways of transmission:

  • fecal-oral as a result of taking vegetables and fruits, undercooked meat, infected with viruses, or drinking are not chlorinated sewage,
  • salivary a consequence of the spread of enterovirus through the secret of secreted saliva at the time of sneezing, coughing patient,
  • contact-household failure to comply with the rules of personal hygiene, not washing hands, taking in the mouth virus-infected subjects that often like to do small children.

    Inkubacionnyj period enterovirusnaya infekciya

Frequently diagnosed infection in pregnant women and the fetus against the background of transmission through the birth canal. Enterovirus is one of many that quickly migrates to the lymph nodes, accumulates and multiplies, leading to the defeat of the adjacent tissues and organs of the baby on the background of the immature immune system.

The incubation period?

The incubation period for enterovirus infection is 2-7 days and the symptoms are very diverse, even to be several pathologies at the same time. Usually the child appear:

  • strong attacks of tachycardia,
  • signs polymorphous exanthema,
  • undulating fever,
  • increasing the temperature to 40 g,
  • intoxication,
  • weakness,
  • the approaches of nausea and vomiting,
  • diarrhoea on a background of relapse of the disease,
  • hyperemia and reddening of the mucosa of the larynx,
  • granular rash on the back of the throat.

Many mothers are interested in how many days occurs the incubation period? Usually no more than 5 days, but in some cases can be up to 10 days with fever up to 5-6 days and subsequent gradual decrease to normal values.

Inkubacionnyj period enterovirusnaya infekciya

As a rule, with decreasing temperature an unpleasant symptoms such as headache, nausea, and drowsiness are. Then everything could be repeated again with swollen lymph nodes under the lower jaw, CNS, mucous membranes of the eyes, muscles, heart, liver and testicles of boys with the localization of virus in the body.

Often the infectious process may occur in the form of:

  • angina at the background of the defeat of the cavity of the larynx with the appearance of bubbles with a white coating on the tongue,
  • conjunctivitis due to lesions of the eye with lacrimation, prepogosto of the eyelids, photophobia,
  • of myositis in defeat, when muscles are sore, sometimes with increasing temperature,
  • colic in lesions of the intestinal mucosa with discharge of liquid stool yellow — brown with mucus or blood,
  • myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis in lesions in the heart area with the joint increasing temperature, fatigue, palpitations and pain in chest,
  • encephalitis, meningitis when it affects the nervous system with the pain of the head, spasms until he lost consciousness,
  • acute hepatitis with lesions and enlargement of the liver size, pain in upper quadrant right side, nausea, vomiting, appearance of regurgitation,
  • hyperemia of the skin with loss of skin staining in red color, the appearance of vesicular rashes on soles, palms, eventually becoming covered with pigmentation in the form of brown spots and disappearing within 4-5 days after passing of the incubation period,
  • orchitis in the defeat of the ovaries in boys usually after 2 weeks from the start of the incubation period with the emergence of liquid, signs of angina.

Enterovirus infection can be congenital with the defeat of the placenta, the penetration into the cells of the fetus. Has a benign course, spontaneously after passing the incubation period. Although in severe owing to the large accumulation of toxins in the body can lead to miscarriage, termination of pregnancy or development of sudden death syndrome in infants. Sometimes enterovirus infection is diagnosed in infants with a lesion of the lung, pancreas.

Diagnosis, what is?

The specificity of enterovirus infection that may not have specific symptoms, proceeds like a summer flu in a feverish condition, rawness in the throat, redness of the skin, serous discharge from the nose. Sometimes that is more acute with:

  • dyspnoea,
  • bouts of tachycardia, percussion of the heart and the extension of its borders,
  • enlargement of the liver,
  • swelling of the lymph nodes,
  • the development of myocarditis,
  • the convulsions and even coma.

    Inkubacionnyj period enterovirusnaya infekciya

Differential diagnosis is complicated by the fact that perhaps the development of enterovirusmyelitis, paralysis of the extremities with intermittent flow, but with subsequent recovery of motor functions. Kids worried about the diarrhoea, pain in the iliac abdomen on the right, retching, symptoms hepatolienal syndrome lasts for up to 2 weeks.

Enterovirus infection can occur in the form of hepatitis, lymphadenitis, encephalitis with damage to the heart bag, the lower part of the intestine, also causing chronic illnesses.

Usually only on the basis of available symptoms doctors put clinical diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Antibiotics in the course of enterovirus infection are used in extreme cases. More accurate diagnostic results are revealed only after an incubation period of 3-4 days. Sometimes the enterovirus occurs in children without symptoms, accompanied by slight malaise and rise of temperature. After passing the incubation period with the stable immunity signs disappear altogether.

The main methods of diagnosis: conduct hydraulic fracturing in the identification of RSK antibodies and HAI, a stool sample and blood for the presence of the pathogen in the secret of the mucosa of the nasopharynx and larynx.

How to treat enterovirus?

Is first immune therapy to eliminate the existing symptoms and the maintenance of immunity. Treatment and antibiotics at the outbreak of enterovirus infections is not available. Patients are treated at home and hospitalization to be. Only when symptoms from damage to the nervous system and increase the temperature to high values of non-reducing medicines children are placed where observe bed rest for the whole period of the disease.

At statement of the diagnosis of the kids is assigned:

  • vitaminized diet,
  • drinking plenty of fluids every 2 hours,
  • analgesics and antipyretics (paracetamol, Nurofen) if the pain of the muscles of the head, the temperature rise,
  • diuretics with attacks of diarrhoea and water-salt solution to normalize the balance,
  • antibiotics when joining a bacterial infection (interferon, neovir, cycloferon) as antivirals to enhance the immune system, inhibition of reproduction of viruses.

Treatment complex, is assigned only after a complete diagnosis for suspected infectious enterovirus. In case of defeat of kidneys, eyes, nervous system and children are under close medical supervision. Is drug therapy with a duration of up to several months.

The therapy can last even up to several years in severe disease, the CNS. Are appointed corticosteroid and diuretics for correction of water-salt and acid-base balance. Also venotonic and sedatives to improve the tone of blood vessels (solcoseryl, trental, Cavinton).

The treatment completely depends upon the existing symptoms. Infected is isolated for the entire period of treatment of a group of children to complete unpleasant symptoms.

If the infection is severe, intensive therapy, intensive care in case of threat to life.

Can not do without the diet at the time of treatment with the inclusion of light protein food, then drinking mode by receiving minutes of still Water, sweet tea. Fresh fruits and vegetables need to be deleted, to give preference to baked apples, boiled vegetables, porridges on water without milk. Completely exclude from the diet fried, spicy and smoked foods, rich broth of meat, sugary juices and soda.

The prognosis of an enterovirus infection is supportive. The disease usually occurs easily and in a few days, there comes a full recovery. In rare cases, the disease may be delayed to 2 weeks and in severe lead to complications in the nervous system. It may be fatal in severe cases.

Prevention

Prevention is necessary to observe sanitary hygiene, careful food handling, hand washing, fruits vegetables, good welding meat and fish. It is important to monitor children so they pulled dirty hands in mouth, wash them with soap and in no case do not drink water from open sources such as lakes and ponds.Inkubacionnyj period enterovirusnaya infekciya

To avoid being infected after contact with sick children may interferon nasal with the course of treatment — up to 7 days. Also, the disinfectants and other measures to suppress the infectious focus at the initial stage of development.

Usually children aged over 3 years can easily tolerate enterovirus, and recovery occurs in 5-7 days. Sometimes it is possible to deterioration of the heart and nervous system. The risk group includes newborns with a weakened immune system, HIV - infected patients with malignant forms of the disease the blood when ingested, the virus begins active reproduction and placement throughout the body by hematogenous.

Infection babies breastfeeding on the background of a weakened immune system.

Most importantly, to prevent complications due to intensive development of infection. Signs you need urgently to show the baby to the doctor, especially when:

  • the seizure is,
  • loss of consciousness,
  • severe headache, together with nausea,
  • muscle tensionnecks,
  • visual impairment,
  • redness of the eyelids on the type of conjunctivitis,
  • pain in the sternum and in the region of the heart,
  • cough with increased when bending forward,
  • complaints of shortness of breath, heart palpitations and shortness of breath,
  • difficulties to even talk,
  • the emergence of a strong sleepiness, anxiety and tearfulness in babies up to 1 year,
  • the appearance of liquid stools, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Home, to prevent dehydration. To give the kids as much liquid as possible, try to induce vomiting. Self-same of drugs is unacceptable. Mothers often are advised to consult with the doctor if those other drugs to treat the kids at home? When a serious symptoms you need to urgently call an ambulance.

To take multivitamin preparations, particularly vitamin C. the peak incidence of acute respiratory infections, SARS, colds to avoid hypothermia, visiting crowded places and shops. Isolate the patient from all members of the family at the time of treatment. Do not allow children to bathe and wash in polluted water bodies, lakes, reservoirs. To carry out the procedure of hardening to increase resistance to the effects of temperature changes.