PCR 12 what infections includes

Modern research method to identify infections in the body can be called a PCR diagnostic. This technique is based on the use of polymerase chain reaction to identify pathogens in the body. At the same time, as the disease, chronic or acute form, does not affect the accuracy of the result. Some experts don't put the final diagnosis without tests PCR.

The history of the emergence method?

Cary Mullis from the United States in the 20th century discovered the phenomenon of polymerase chain reaction. After several years perfecting his method is considered the gold standard in many medical institutions.

As previously noted, the method is applicable to any infectious disease in active and inactive phase. However, in most cases, the PCR tests for 12 diseases are appointed to determine the characteristics of the disease, not to confirm it.

What are the advantages of the method

Method for the study of polymerase reaction to detect latent infections has a number of advantages:

1. Studies include the identification of RNA and DNA of the pathogen, which determines the high precision of the method.
2. The probability of erroneous results in the study of infection on PCR rather small. This is due to the fact that the study uses modern equipment, which reduces the likelihood of errors.
3. The ongoing reaction is the most sensitive. This point defines the fact that even single cells of infection will be determined with high accuracy.
4. Quick result. Using modern equipment, you can get the results after 5 hours from the time of the procedure. Not many methods allow you to get an accurate result after 5 hours of testing.
5. Even in the case when the disease has no striking manifestations of the symptoms of the conducted studies allow accurate diagnosis. Also the reaction when conducting research on PCR indicates the effectiveness of treatment.

You should consider the point that PCR diagnostics is improving every year: be a special subspecies of the survey, substantially accelerated the process of obtaining the results, the method becomes accessible to all patients, that is, its value is significantly reduced.

Features of this method

To carry out PCR is possible only in laboratory conditions, as when non-sterile environment, there is a possibility of distortion of the results. Considering the question, what is PCR, it should be noted – the method involves the use of special enzymes that increase the structure of RNA and DNA. When you add a special substance increasing the amount of DNA and RNA, which allows to study under a microscope.

In General we can say that the considered method is based on comparing the obtained result of the structure of RNA and DNA from stored samples. The method allows not only to determine the structure, but the number of cells of the infection. The reaction runs for 5 hours, which allows to obtain results in the shortest period of time.

What infections can be detect by this method?

PCR method is popular not only for the reason that result can be obtained in 5 hours, but because of the possibility of detection of multiple infections. PCR 12 what infections includes:

1. HIV is one of the most dangerous infections that exist in the world. She is a member of STI.
2. Hepatitis of various groups.
3. The Virus Of Epstein-Barr.
4. Infections that are transmitted sexually, that is part of a group of STIs. The group STI include mycoplasmosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia.
5. Herpes of the first and second type.
6. Cytomegalovirus.
7. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
8. Listeriosis.
9. Infection with Helicobacter pylori.
10. HPV and its many subspecies.
11. Tick-borne encephalitis.
12. Candidal infection.

    

The group consists of STI infections that are transmitted through sexual route. The above list is only a small part of viral and bacterial diseases that can be diagnosed by PCR.

Among the disorders that are detected with PCR, is quite a lot of those that can be sexually transmitted. That is why this method is used in the following areas:

1. Cancer research.
2. Gastrointestinal examination.
3. Pulmonary studies.
4. TB medicine.

In General, in almostall cases can be carried out PCR study to detect latent or active infection.

How is the testing?

As previously noted, diagnosis of infections is a fairly accurate method, which should be done in laboratory conditions. An important factor will also call the correct samples. To identify foreign DNA and RNA is possible by the examination of various biological liquids of the person. Exceptions make the detection of the virus, sexually transmitted diseases – in this case, collect the secretions from the genitals.

In other cases, for example, the detection of the causative agent, HIV, hepatitis, herpes, it takes the patient's blood. Can also take a swab of the mouth or urine. When dangerous diseases are taken of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Decoding of the result

In the case when you need to obtain a result within 5 hours, it conducts the survey method PCR. The important point is the fact that the tests for hidden infections can have a positive or negative response. A negative response indicates that no infection in the body. In case of positive response, the doctor should prescribe antiviral treatment: antibiotic therapy aimed at strengthening the immune system and so on.

PCR makes it possible to identify the causative agent, which is in the inactive phase. An example can be called:

1. Herpes.
2. Papillomavirus infection.

Rather it is important to make the correct diagnosis even in the absence of symptoms. This is due to the fact that the virus can transmit it to healthy people who have weak immune system will begin to show symptoms. Also, be aware that the virus can develop over time, the disease becomes chronic. The chronic form of the disease is difficult to cure, often relapse, even after successful treatment.

PCR analysis also gives a quantitative result. In contrast to positive or negative outcomes under consideration can be decrypted only by a specialist. Estimating the number of cells agents can determine how active the pathological process. The quantitative result of the conducted research allows to determine the precise stage of development of the particular disease.

On the basis of all results, an experienced doctor can prescribe the most effective treatment. However, it is worth considering that in the group of infections which are determined by using PCR, can include agents which are not derived from the body. An example is HIV infection or herpes. After entering the body they remain throughout life, but treatment helps to reduce the manifestation of symptoms, the rate of infection and reduce the likelihood of complications.

Recommendations for testing

All of the results, subject to certain rules credible. The error probability is sufficiently small.

The accuracy of the result depends on compliance with the rules of preparation for testing. Biological material should not be distorted, as otherwise the result will not be accurate. The most important rules of preparation for the tests include:

1. The day prior to the Deposit of biological material should refrain from sexual contact.
2. Blood tests shall be on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
3. Urine analysis is also dealt in the morning in a sterile container.

As a rule, to obtain the results on the 2nd day after delivery of the analysis. In determining the disease, which threatens the life of the patient, result of the PCR is prepared in a few hours.

In almost all cases, if you suspect the presence of infection in the body is assigned to study PCR. After receiving the results the attending doctor will interpret them. In the case of a positive result, the doctor prescribes treatment.