Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: symptoms, treatment

Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy

Bacterial vaginosis (may be called vaginal dysbacteriosis or gardnerellosis) is a common disease among the female sex, in which there is a sharp imbalance of vaginal microflora. Normal microflora are lactic acid bacteria (98%) that perform a security function. When dysbacteriosis of the vagina there is a sharp decrease or complete disappearance of these bacteria and a strong increase of conditionally pathogenic microflora, which is represented by Gardnerella vaginalis.

Route of transmission

Infectious agents are transmitted by sexual contact. The factors contributing to the change of the vaginal flora can include such as:

  • Change of sexual partner,
  • a large number of sexual partners,
  • stresses,
  • change climate zone,
  • hormonal disturbances,
  • long time treatment with antibiotics,
  • improper hygiene during menstruation.

Many women with bacterial vaginosis can't for a long time to get pregnant. About 15-30 percent of expectant mothers suffer from this form of infection, which is quite high.

Importantly! Vaginal dysbiosis is the trigger for accession by other infections, it is dangerous to the health of the pregnant woman and fetus. You must immediately begin treatment.

Clinical picture

Often when dysbacteriosis vaginal symptoms are absent or insignificant such that they can not immediately pay attention. Prolonged course of the disease may experience such complaints as:

  • Itching and burning in the genital area,
  • the liquid is yellowish-white or gray selection,
  • unpleasant smell,
  • pain during urination,
  • discomfort during sexual intercourse.

In the presence of these symptoms should immediately consult the gynecologist and to pass the required tests. Of course, to pass a full medical examination relies to a pregnancy if it was unplanned, and there are such complaints, it is not necessary to be afraid of. Vaginal dysbiosis can be treated and during pregnancy.

Possible complications during pregnancy

Always increases the risk of premature contractions. At high concentrations of gardnerellas the vagina in pregnant women may occur as the penetration of bacteria into the uterus and appendages. In this case it may be infection of the membranes of the amniotic SAC and the placenta, inflammation of the membranes is a very dangerous complication, which can cause them to tear and rupture of water. In this case, it aborts the pregnancy, or preterm deliveries.

Vaginal dysbiosis in pregnant women can lead to infection of the fetus. Child with intrauterine infection, are born weak, with reduced immunity, weigh less than normal. After birth, there arise problems such as inflammation of the umbilical wound and infectious lesions of the skin, there may be diseases of the Central nervous system, due to oxygen starvation.

May develop complications not only from fruit but also from the mother. If pregnant operation was performed cesarean section, during the postoperative period often develop endometritis. As indicated by the occurrence of suppurative mastitis.

Diagnosis and treatment

Because of the paucity of symptoms, the disease is not always possible to diagnose in time. Diagnosis includes clinical examination (anamnesis, collection of complaints), and laboratory methods. Complaints and symptoms given above, laboratory diagnosis is the evaluation of the test results of smears of the vagina. Smears detected coli Gardnerella, set in the same number of microorganisms. When a complicated diagnosis using PCR.

During treatment it is advisable to refuse from sexual intercourse until the vaginal flora is completely recovered. During pregnancy the main goal of therapy is elimination of symptoms, restoration of the microflora, but not the complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms. Even if the dysbiosis of the vagina are asymptomatic, need immediate care for a pregnant, as the risk of complications is very high.

Remember! Treatment not advisable in the first trimester, because of possible side effects. The best option for the purpose of drug therapy – after the twentieth week of pregnancy.

Used medicines in tablet form, vaginal suppositories and ointments. You can prescribe antimicrobial medicines, such as:

  • Metronidazole,
  • ornidazol,
  • dalacin.

Need additional appointment immunomodulators (interferon or kipferon). After about a month of therapy, we again pass the control analyses to assessmicrofloras. If Gardnerella is not detected, then treatment aimed at the normal microflora of the vagina, can be used, such as drugs atsilakt or bifidin. Pregnant should normalize the power to increase in the diet of fermented milk products rich in live bacteria and you eat food rich in dietary fiber.

Prevention

Vaginal dysbiosis in pregnant women is fairly common and dangerous for its complications, the disease. Before conception you can always take the tests and check the PH level of the microflora. Upon detection of the disease should be treated with antibiotics, then restore the microflora, and in General prepare the body for pregnancy. Treatment and recovery depends on many factors, but usually is 2-3 months. In almost all cases dysbacteriosis of the vagina can be cured, the main thing in time to pay attention to symptoms and timely initiation of treatment.