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Blood counts — breakdown of main indicators of blood

The most common and frequently prescribed analysis to confirm the presumptive diagnosis is a blood test. Among other survey methods, it is most available. At the same time his figures show what the condition of the patient, identifies some of the disease. Rules of General blood analysis depend on the gender, age of the patient. Adult values are more children, respectively, less. The blood normally indicates the normal state of health of the patient. General blood test -the legal limit will indicate the presence of acute inflammatory process, the presence of a therapeutic of disease, the presence of viral or bacterial infection. For a more accurate diagnosis the doctor prescribes, not clinical, and biochemical analysis.

Blood counts

General analysis of blood taken from the finger, preferably in the morning on an empty stomach. Usually specific training is not needed. The technician makes a small puncture of the ring finger with a special needle (with a scarifier). Eye-catching the blood in a special tube, then was sent to study. Standards analysis of capillary blood is different from venous. Sometimes the doctor recommends to take the analysis from a vein for analysis of the KLA. Blood levels are calculated, and fixed their number. This analysis pay attention to:

  1. erythrocytes (red corpuscles), are involved in transporting blood throughout the body,
  2. leukocytes (white cells), perform a protective function of the body,
  3. platelets are responsible for clotting,
  4. the hemoglobin level of saturation of blood oxygen,
  5. leukocytic formula,
  6. ESR.

Each of these parameters plays an important role for diagnosis. Change one of them makes it clear the failure of some system or organ. Transcript of KLA is done manually or with the help of modern technology. It should be noted that to date, almost all laboratory work with modern equipment. Therefore, decoding such a analysis more reliable. Indicators of a blood test are the basic information upon which the physician in the diagnosis, prescribing treatment.

Value analysis

Issued a blood test as a table. Here written all investigated parameters, their values, what values should be normal. Decoding each person will show, there is great rejection of his jab from the standard. But the more precise the findings must be done by a specialist.
Norms of indicators of the General analysis of blood:

  1. Erythrocytes of 4.3 – 5.2 in men, women – 3.5 – 4.4,
  2. hemoglobin 120-160. For men the acceptable higher rates,
  3. leukocytes 4-6,
  4. lymphocytes 20 – 40%,
  5. platelets 200 – 300.

A normal (blood rule) may contain some error, but it should not exceed 0.5-1 units, or 3-4 percent in a percentage result. In all other cases one should speak about the presence of systemic disturbances in the body.

The number of red blood cells shows whether the blood to cope with its function, it is enough if the body is saturated with oxygen whether oxygen starvation. At low results – the body is not enough oxygen supply, high blood cells can fuse and stick together.

Hemoglobin is one of the most important indicators. This protein involved in the transport of oxygen. It shows the quality of the blood. The norm indicators 120-140. For children characterized by lower numbers in adult men is higher. At lower KLA indicators we can talk about anemia, excessive data analyses indicate a high probability of blood clots and blockage of blood vessels. General analysis of blood hemoglobin every week rent pregnant to monitor the status of women and the unborn child.
The KLA leukocytes in normal should not exceed 5 units. They perform a protective function, therefore, their presence in large numbers indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. The more inflammation, the more white blood cells will be detected. Almost always we can talk about a bacterial infection.
Lymphocytes a kind of white blood cells. Usually they account for about 30% of the total. They are the main ones for the immune system. Norma General analysis of blood lymphocytes is shown as a percentage, and the exact number of discovered units. The increase in lymphocytes may indicate some viral infections or blood disorders.

Platelets are small particles that take part in the formation of a blood clot, thickening the blood during injury. Normal levels indicate that the person does not die from loss of blood a minor injury. A low number may explain the poor clotting, high possibility of blood clots.
Table of analysis of blood parameters still contains ESR. This figure shows the content of protein. A blood test shows a normal 15 mm / hour for women and 10 mm / hour in men. The child forthis period will settle fewer red blood cells. Look at the change in indicators KLA, if the body is damaged the liver Fluke.

Life cycle

Liver Fluke (trematode) parasite living in the human body. It has a very complex system of reproduction, life cycle, several stages of larval development.

The development cycle of a liver Fluke has three active individuals. This intermediate, the main host, the larva (lives in the environment). Outside the body, the larva can not live, she spends only an intermediate stage. Adult Mature individuals affect the liver. It can be on cattle. Cattle that live near the reservoirs, as well as people, is the primary host of liver Fluke. While the intermediate host of liver Fluke is the snail.
Stage of the life cycle of the worm liver Fluke allocate the following periods:

  • getting the eggs into the environment with feces of the primary host,
  • the formation of larvae (miracidia),
  • the formation of the tissues of the intermediate host living in water,
  • the transformation of a new form of larvae,
  • the formation of motile larvae,
  • the formation of cysts in the body of a mammal (intermediate host of the second level),
  • there is a further development of the helminth liver Fluke, namely, the transition of metacercariae in the cysts that can infect human,
  • the penetration of the parasite into the body of the main host.

Describe the developmental cycle of the liver Fluke? As you can see, to describe the life cycle of the parasite in simple words is very difficult. It's a long and complicated process. Intermediate host living with liver Fluke, is not suffering, it is only an intermediate host of the parasite liver Fluke. While the clinic of the disease in humans consists of a large number of different symptoms, damaging it and reduces the quality of life.
The stage of development of liver Fluke can be interrupted if a favorable condition for further development does not occur. For example, when miracidia not fall into the water, this is the life cycle of an individual over.

Options reproduction

Cycle of liver Fluke includes the development of the hermaphroditic individuals and species, reproducing through parthenogenesis. This is a different level of development. Such individuals have completely different structure, preference in food, ways of development. This arrangement ensures the preservation of the species in nature. Even under adverse conditions of life, in the temporary absence of snails and river snails (intermediate host of the parasite liver Fluke).
The development of individual liver Fluke takes a long time. In the cycle may be a short pause. The worm waits bole conducive environment to reproduce. Most often it takes 2 months to complete the development of Mature individuals.

Way of infection

Despite the fact that liver Fluke in the cycle of development does not include human beings, people often become victim of this flat worm. Extensive areola habitat of this parasite endangers a large number of people.

It is possible to allocate different paths of infection. This can be the consumption of undercooked cattle meat, poorly washed vegetables, drinking raw water from rivers or lakes. The most common source of infection is the liver of the cow and started the process of transformation of cysts.
Despite the way of getting worms to humans, liver Fluke caused great damage throughout the body, since the liver and biliary tract. Pain in the right hypochondrium may be a symptom of different diseases of the liver, but if liver Fluke is a change in the blood picture of the patient.

Changes in the blood

The KLA, which is mandatory in any questionable state of the human body, with the appearance of the parasite varies considerably. Having handed over the analysis on blood, the full rate will be no one indicator. Since the adults feed on the liver of the host, will be significantly reduced hemoglobin. Standards analysis capillary blood leukocytes in inflammatory processes of the biliary tract, will be greatly exceeded. As with all diseases of the liver significantly reduced the level of protein in the blood. May increase total bilirubin. Secreted into the plasma waste worm cause severe toxicity, respectively, will be considerably increased lymphocytes. Table of analysis of blood parameters such a patient would bother any doctor. Possible allergic reaction to the toxins. A blood test will show elevated eosinophils.

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