Echinococcosis — Symptoms and treatment of echinococcosis in humans

The world is full of dangers that are not visible to the human eye. Bacteria that are carriers of the infection, parasites are all on the things around us. Greasy food or poor hygiene can be a prerequisite to serious diseases. It is therefore essential to carefully approach the purity of the body, and foods, taken in food. Often, however, the contact with dangerous elements in the body due to a simple accident, which it was impossible to expect serious consequences.

Echinococcus

To explain the symptoms of the disease echinococcosis what is Echinococcus to learn will not be superfluous. Quite a dangerous and common parasite – a tapeworm living in the intestines of wild animals and livestock is a threat to humans. The worm tends to lay her eggs, which are deposited on the soil. Grown on the land vegetables, fruits and greens it can contain a certain number of these eggs. Once in the human intestine through food, Echinococcus is deposited in the internal organs, particularly the liver and lungs, begins to live and grow, releasing a lot of toxic substances weaken the organs and in General reducing the immune system.

In science this worm called Echinococcus granulosus. The worm has two forms of life. In the body of predators it exists in the form of a tapeworm, and in herbivorous animals and in humans – in the form of larvae do not grow up to tapeworm. Thus, man is an intermediate stage in the development of this parasite. The larvae have the form of bubble, protected by a rather thick protective film, inside of which are embryos. Their habitat is the soil, where they come from animal feces and water natural reservoirs.
As in the human body, it can exist only in larval form, the migration of its internals is minimized. However, the larvae anchored in the body tend to gradually increase in size, which can lead to quite serious consequences. The need for timely treatment of such cases, as the cyst can cause serious and irreparable harm to the person, and even lead to death. Therefore, it is important timely treatment of tapeworm.

Echinococcosis

So, what is echinococcosis? This disease is associated with the ingested tapeworm larvae in the human body, is a chronic. Bubble with larvae grows until, until complications. In the case of diagnosing the disease, the parasite is removed surgically. However, there is so extensive destruction by the larvae of Echinococcus that it becomes impossible to completely remove the infection. In such instances, relieving the patient's condition and weaken the negative influence.
To get to a man larvae in different ways. In urban environments it is possible to contact via unwashed berries, vegetables or fruits, consumed in food or unfiltered and not boiled water. In rural areas larvae may wind up in humans as the aforementioned ways, and using animal fur, wild berries, or water from natural reservoirs. Children can be infected with this disease because of close contact with cats or dogs, other Pets, so you should make sure the child wash hands after playing with your pet.

Once in the stomach, a cyst of tapeworm attaches to any internal organ, most often the liver and lungs. Growing, it exerts pressure on the respective body, irritating it and resulting inflammatory processes. The activity of the larvae leads to intoxication of harmful substances contained in the secretions of the embryo tapeworm.

Stages and symptoms

The disease is in its progression passes through several stages, accompanied by an increase in the number of symptoms and their severity. In medicine there are four stages of disease in which hydatid disease is different symptoms. They begin to appear immediately, but on the rise, more and more becoming complicated and identifying the disease more clearly.
First, latent stage — getting tapeworm larvae in the body and fixing their location on a particular organ. Depending on the location of attachment of the cyst disease can occur in different time periods, in some cases, the disease does not detects themselves within a few years. In the latent stage to detect the disease is quite difficult.

The second stage, called initial, accompanied by the manifestation of symptoms such as weakness, fastfatigue, and sometimes nausea and diarrhea.
In the third stage of the disease the symptoms become more obvious, as the cyst begins to grow in size, affecting the nerves, and makes itself felt pain in the corresponding area of the body.

The fourth stage is the last and most dangerous, causing serious complications, one of which is rupture of the cyst. This phenomenon can lead to serious intoxication, anaphylactic shock and even death.

Hydatid cyst of the liver

The most likely docking location of Echinococcus is the liver. The lesions of the body of the parasite is accompanied by the following symptoms. First, the cyst is attached to the body, not revealing overt symptoms. Then comes a period of malaise, accompanied with nausea, vomiting, and instability of the chair. There are frequent complaints of patients on fatigue, low spirits, the Blues. Over time, pain in the right hypochondrium is a strong sign — periods fluctuations in body temperature, pain in the abdomen. Neglected diseases can result in complications such as cyst rupture, accompanied by a powerful allergic reaction. In such cases required immediate hospitalization to prevent intoxication and infection.

Echinococcosis of the lungs

As the prevalence of this form of the disease takes the second place. The first couple, as in the case of liver, the disease makes itself known, passing the latent period of development. However, with the growth of cysts observed mechanical action on the tissue, leading to compression of organs and blood vessels, then symptoms of echinococcosis. This is accompanied by a difficulty breathing, discomfort when breathing and the appearance of shortness of breath. Frequent cough with pain in the chest. Progressing, the disease begins to make itself felt severe cough with copious purulent sputum. The final stage is also expressed in the bursting bubbles and dissemination of their contents through the body. In some cases can lead to anaphylactic shock, so it is important immediate medical intervention.

Diagnosis of disease

Despite the rather serious risk of disease hydatid disease, emergency diagnosis on the presence of the cyst and its location is nowadays at the highest level. Diagnosis of echinococcosis is carried out in two stages.
The presence of larvae indicate the test results. Physicians may require blood, urine and feces. To obtain information about the presence or absence of cysts in the body helps also, so-called response Cazoni. The essence of it is administered under the skin a small amount of a substance containing molecules of Echinococcus. Redness at the injection site is indicative of the patient's disease.

If diagnosed with a disease, it is necessary to identify the body that was struck by a cyst. This may involve imaging of internal organs, x-ray, fluoroscopy, angiography of the celiac artery in hepatic echinococcosis and other treatments.

The treatment of echinococcosis

After diagnosis of hydatid disease indicated the presence of the cyst and its location, you should start treatment. How best to treat hydatid disease? Because the disease is a parasitic, self-healing is unlikely. To fight the disease is possible only through competent and timely medical intervention, namely surgery.

The operation is to remove the cyst itself, its protective film and those parts of the fabric, changed, and affected the vital functions of the larvae. However, this approach can be realized only if the cyst is near the surface of the body and is small. At a deeper location and a solid recommended. Bubble cut, incision with subsequent exhaustion of the contents. It is extremely important during the operation to prevent fluid flow from the bladder and spread throughout the body. This can lead to damage of other organs and other serious consequences.
If the hydatid cyst lesions is so large that surgery is not possible, apply the following measures. The patient is assigned antiparasitic agents such as albendazole or mebendazole, contributing to the destruction of tapeworm larvae. These drugs are prescribed also for the period after the surgery.

Preventive measures

Having dealt with the concept of echinococcosis and what it is necessary to say a few words about its prevention. Diseases can be avoided by correctly applying preventive measures. First rules apply to people whose professions are expressed in contact with animals: hunting, ranching and cattle breeding. This is because the tapeworm grows in the intestines of animals. It is necessary to observe rules of hygiene, wash hands after contact with animals to prevent the animals licking the face of their masters, as the language contains a lot of harmful bacteria.

To avoid infection you must also be sure to boil water drawn from lakes, wells, rivers and streams. Careful washing of fruits, vegetables, berries and greens are also crucial for prevention, as larvae may be contained in manure, which fertilized theseplants, and consequently, to be on the fruit. Does not put quality and heat processing of meat taken for food, cooking to a complete absence of blood.

Individuals who recover from illness, have from time to time to undergo a medical examination and consist on the dispensary account, and once a year to visit a doctor. It should be borne in mind that disease relapse, preconditions which can be two different things. For example, incomplete removal of eggs of parasite of the organism or reinfection from the outside.

Recovery after surgery

The disease affects the internal organs, resulting in broken the function that you want to recover even after surgery and positive treatment of echinococcosis. You can do this through a number of measures:

• take all medications prescribed by doctors after surgery for hydatid disease,
• to undergo regular clinical examinations over 10 years,
• to monitor careful compliance with all rules of personal hygiene,
• carefully approach the preparation of meat dishes, particularly for cooking products,
• to refrain from alcohol and Smoking, as this leads to dulling the vigilance of the immune system and slows down the recovery process,
• limit contact with animals as potential vectors of harmful bacteria,
• people who have had a liver surgery should follow a diet, take vitamins and rejuvenating liver cells drugs,
• after recovery of the lung to do special breathing exercises and physical therapy,

In addition to all the above, it is recommended to refrain after surgery from physical exertion and pregnancy for several months, as well as emotional stress and stress.

Traditional methods of treatment of this disease

If you are diagnosed with hydatid disease, the treatment should begin immediately. To the question, is it possible to cure an attack by traditional medicine without surgical intervention, it is worth to give a negative answer. The man himself is not able to cope with such a threat. However, in some cases, for example when an operation is impossible because of the wide distribution of the parasite throughout the body, some traditional remedies can alleviate the course of the disease. They are also good for prevention echinococcosis.

Treatment of hydatid disease folk remedies carried out with the help of many tools:

• ginger and lemon peel in powdered form, dried, taken in the morning before meals, filled with a small amount of water,
• crushed dried shoots of wormwood and tansy in equal shares accepted on a teaspoon a day before meals, washed down with a glass of water. The course lasts 10 days and is repeated every few months. This method is contraindicated in pregnant women,
• crushed lemon is mixed with two heads of minced garlic, added 10 ml of honey, pour a liter of water. It is taken daily before meal serving per 30 ml,
• dried and powdered wormwood is taken with a gradual increase in dose, from a pinch to a teaspoon once a day for three weeks, washed down with plenty of water,

It should be remembered that the use of any traditional medicine without prior consulting a doctor can hurt, so you need to be careful the prevention of this kind.