The amoeba under the microscope — Pathogenic amoeba (ameba under) ordinary

The name amoeba in Greek means changeable.
This single-celled animals with irregular body shape, having a dense shell. Systematic position of amoeba:

1. Kingdom — animals,
2. Podtsarstvo — Celled,
3. Type — Kornenozhki (Surrogatekey),
4. The Genus Amoeba.

Life cycle: cell growth, development, divided by asexual reproduction (mitotic division or division by two). Insistiranje is the best in the form of cysts under adverse conditions, they go into this condition, eat stop to multiply.
Outgrowths of cytoplasm — pseudopodia or as they are called pseudopods help them move in the right direction, colliding with the prey (a unicellular algae, bacteria) surrounds it. Why are they called a pseudopod, as they appear on time.
Intracellular nutrition occurs via the digestive vacuoles, which receives enzymes, Food is called phagocytosis — engulfing solid food particles and pinocytosis is the absorption of nutrients in dissolved form. All are formed of unnecessary substances for the body, which we need to get rid of. Not digested substances are excreted through the body surface, after their accumulation in the contractile vacuoles, they are ejected.
All living cells require oxygen. The process of breathing is the whole surface of the body with oxygen, which dissolves in the liquid. The excretion of carbon dioxide involved of the contractile vacuole. The oxygen and carbon dioxide easily penetrates through the cell membrane.

Representatives

Representatives: amoeba Proteus or as it is called ordinary (korenoski) (lat. Amoeba proteus) inhabits swamps, rivers, lakes, Entamoeba histolytica (lat. Entamoeba histolytica) is the causative agent of amebiasis, is common in countries with hot climate. Intestinal amoeba (lat. Entamoeba coli) is located directly in the large intestine, without causing the host harm.

Structure

These representatives have no lungs, no heart, no circulatory system, no nervous system, but they can eat and digest food, to breathe, sucking the air from the liquid and to produce harmful substances to the body, react to stimuli of the external world.
Composed like all living cells from the cytoplasm — liquid part of the cell ameba and nucleus. Surrounding the cytoplasm is a membrane consisting of inner — endoplasm of the granular layer, which contains the core, the digestive function of digestion and contractile – the main function is the emission of harmful substances, and external — ectoplasm-viscous layer.

The amoeba under the microscope similar to a blot, but it can look differently. Pseudopods help her move is temporary outgrowths formed by the flow of cytoplasm from one part to another. The cell structure of an amoeba, provides the movement that is created by the movement of the cytoplasm.

Inhabitancy

The simplest live in the water. Dimensions are about 0.2-0.5 mm, without the liquid dries up. The conditions of the habitat is in fresh and salt water, moist soil or plants. Also amoeba can be found in humans and animals as a parasite.
They multiply only agamogenesis (reproduction, which involves only somatic cells without gametes — reproductive cells.)
Under favorable conditions and good nutrition amoeba is growing rapidly. Adult body can begin to multiply. The first thing begins to change the core. The kernel is the duplication of DNA, then the chromosomes congenerous, the nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope dissolves. After this, the chromosomes line up in the Equatorial order and formed the cleavage spindle. To the poles diverge chromatid, chromosome decondensed. There are two new amoeba. During the day, the amoeba can be divided several times.

Adverse conditions

All living organisms survive unfavorable conditions someone fat accumulates and becomes dormant, someone changes the color. Representatives of this genus in this case insisterede. Forms a tight double containment, and life processes of amoeba are suspended. By the wind of the cyst is easy to carry. The process is intermittent, when it is a favorable period for life, she comes out of the shell. Also, the amoeba is capable of regeneration is the ability to recover the lost part of the body.

Reaction to stimuli

Every body its reacts to external stimuli from the outside. And korenok has its irritants.
Under a microscope, you can observe how she is going to get irritated when subjected to light or changes in the concentration of salt. If the amoeba is to put a small piece of salt or to send a beam of bright light, it will move in the opposite direction.