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Roundworms — the structure features of roundworms

This article focuses on the system of roundworms. We'll try to describe what roundworms in their structure: the nervous system of roundworms, excretory system of round worms digestive system worms and parasites roundworms. Where are the parasite can be.
All we know about them from school. The basics of all the systems tells us the teacher. But not everyone knows how to actually arranged these systems. In this article we will tell you all about the round worms. Methods for the treatment of worms, described in medical references.

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The type of roundworms are the representative of Turbellaria. Over time they became a form, and acquired an unusual appearance, different from the flat parasites. Now the worms should be attributed to a single animal type. These parasites are very interesting for medical professionals, since so many species of parasites that are harmful to people, included in this class of worms. The only type of all in which there are parasites that penetrate into the body of an individual and causing a variety of infectious diseases.

General characteristic

The length of the individual worm from about 80mkm to 8metrov. Males are much smaller than females. The main features is a segmented body of the nematode, a circular, which on cross section has a round shape, so got its name. Externally, the body of the parasite is covered with a cuticle, under which is the internal organs. In the digestive tube anal is the Department that ends with the rectal passage. The excretory system in the form of vidoizmeniteli skin glands. Sexual — in most of the worms are dioecious. The respiratory and circulatory systems are not developed, the senses are poorly formed. There are about 20 thousand of these types of hearts that exist on earth: in the seas, humans, animals, and so on. Roundworms are adapted to any conditions of life, it is probably due to the fact that they have a tight top cover. The worms alternately, there is a reduction of longitudinal muscles. Because of this, there is a movement forward.

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Now consider each of the organ systems in detail.

Digestive system

Roundworms digestion resembles a tube, as they say rectum. Digestion occurs starting with the mouth and ending with anus. Getting food into the oral passage, passes into the esophagus, then into the front part, middle part and further to the back of the intestine, the rectal passage. The mouth is at the front and is surrounded by lips. In the digestive tube middle intestine is formed by the endoderm, and the front and rear due to ectoderm.

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Allocation system

The characteristic features of the allocation system are cervical gland or side channels. Includes one of the excretory cells. Cage is at the front nematode. For selection take part protective cells, the excretory organs located in the body at the sides. These cells collect harmful substances and out through the excretory opening.

Roundworms structure of the nervous system

From nerve rings and longitudinal cells. Nerve ring located at level of pharynx. Peripharyngeal ring performs the significance of the main associative body. The senses in the form of papillae, at the posterior end of the parasite has a tail. Several types have eyes.

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Reproductive system

A large number of parasites of this species have evolved distinctive sexual organ. They are heterosexual, but there are same-sex, with reproduction occurs primarily through sexual contact. The formation of these worms are defective due to insufficient number of cells.

Roundworms carry out respiration through the whole surface of his body.

Helminths. Views:

Worms of this type are: roundworm, pinworm, whipworm, Trichinella and many more. Finding them can be difficult. Let's look at a few options individually.

Ascarides

Species of worms, which provokes such diseases as ascariasis. Ascaris female in adulthood can reach the size of nearly a half meter, and the male 20 see most Often, the infection occurs through contact with unwashed fruits and hands. Once in the intestine, Ascaris throughout the year live and breed. During the day it can produce about 240 thousand larvae, and in the human body can live for several thousandascarides'. Roundworm is very toxic, so the body weakens. This parasite affects all the organs and does not allow nutrients to enter the body.

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Pinworms

Cause such diseases as enterobiasis. The disease most often happen in children of preschool age. Infection can be transmitted from sick child to healthy through bed linen, dirty hands (touch), children's toys, house dust. Pinworms live only in man, in the lower part of the small intestine and feeds on nutrients. Lays eggs of the pinworm in the dark, at a time when the baby sleeps, out in the folds of the rectal passage, lays eggs, from which the children itching.It develops in a few hours. This parasite lives in about 60 days, the cure is on their own, unless there was secondary infection. For prevention should very often wash baby's hands before eating, to cut short nails, every two days change of bed linen and after washing it must be ironed.

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Whipworm

Is the causative agent of trichuriasis. Can live for about 6 years. There is only one host organism and not moving as Ascaris. Lives in small intestine or in the upper part of the colon. In the host body fall through food, dirty hands and not boiled water. After penetration into the gut, settles on the walls of the abdomen. Adulthood she achieves in a few weeks. The parasite affects muscles, skin cancer feeds on the blood of the host and does not touch the contents of the intestine, for this reason, it is very difficult to excrete. Also, this parasite can cause inflammation. For prevention should observe the rules of personal hygiene.

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Trichinella

Causes trichinosis. Female Trichinella grow in length to 3.5 mm, and males up to 1.5 mm. of Mature individuals live in the small intestine and drink blood. For the formation it is not necessary to go beyond the body of the host. In addition, they can live in any animal: the rat, dog, pig and so on. Every body can be both interim and permanent owner. The body gets when eating meat. Reaching the intestines quickly enough grows to adulthood. After spawning, males quickly die, while the female is almost two months laying eggs and then die. The disease caused by this parasite can occur without symptoms and can lead to death. For prevention, thoroughly rinse the meat before cooking.

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Strongyloid

It is also called intestinal Utica. There is in the small intestine. A day and can lay about 50 eggs. Once in the soil with feces of man, they multiply and are able to live a long time in the soil. Infection can occur through the skin, and also occur samozarjadnyj, when the larvae stay in the intestine and penetrate the intestinal wall, can live in the body for more than 24 hours. Accommodation of the parasite in the body ranges from 17 to 27 days. Strongyloid may excite the disease of strongyloidiasis. Accompanied by fever, weakness and nausea. Prevention is the observance of rules of personal hygiene.

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So, we told you about the main system about roundworms and parasites that affect the human body. Many of them can change the owner, and some one master for life. The main thing for prevention to a few simple precautions then the likelihood of Contracting these parasites will not be large.