The rash of scarlet fever: symptoms, prevention and treatment

The rash of scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease that mainly affects the oropharynx. The disease begins and can be quite acute. In most cases it affects children. The spread of scarlet fever is spring, autumn and winter. Especially in autumn, when children begin to attend school or daycare and other collective organization, the disease spreads very widely. However, scarlet fever can be dangerous and in the summer. Scarlet fever is treated quickly, the course of treatment usually lasts a little over 20 days. However, half of this of course is in bed.

Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus enters the body through airborne droplets way. Penetrating the throat, it primarily affects the tonsils. Sometimes the microorganisms can enter the blood via the lymphatic system. In such cases, it can be various complications such as inflammation of the kidneys, disorders of the cardiovascular or other body systems, due to the fact that this microorganism is the causative agent of not only scarlet fever, but sore throat, erysipelas, rheumatism, etc.

Allocates the specified microorganism in the human body, toxic substance, which is called "eritromicin". It affects the top layer of the skin and mucous membranes, due to which the body rash, then flaking.

Sources

This acute disease may have different sources. They can be:

  • healthy carriers of Streptococcus,
  • the presence of scarlet fever in children in the class or group,
  • children or adults, cases of other diseases, pathogens of which is beta-hemolytic Streptococcus,
  • using items, which was touched by patients or carriers of microorganisms is not affected.

Symptomatology

As the disease begins acutely, with special signs, you can immediately recognize his presence in the body:

  • people afflicted with scarlet fever, experiencing pain during swallowing movements,
  • on the first day of disease the temperature of children and adults can reach 39 degrees,
  • on the 2nd or 3rd day of the disease on the neck appear red rash,
  • the patient suffers from headaches,
  • in rare cases there may be abdominal pain,
  • on the 7th day of the disease rash reduced due to the generated antibodies, the skin starts to peel off. The skin on the feet and palms peeling off in large plates,
  • also on the 7th day specialists find a "burning mouth" language becomes crimson. Along with this, the lips become crimson color, in the case when the disease occurs in severe form.

However, at the beginning of the disease, the specialist may decide that the patient has angina as the first day of scarlet fever occurs with symptoms of angina. On the 2nd, sometimes 3rd day rashes appear in the form of small dots. The rash of scarlet fever is a specific symptom of the disease. After their appearance on the body specialist usually can make a diagnosis accurately. Rash characteristic of scarlet fever appears first on the neck and shoulders. She then moves to the chest, side torso, lower back, hips and thighs. Also rashes can be seen on the cheeks, forehead and chin. Untouched remains the nasolabial triangle, which is another special characteristic that sets specialist determines the presence of the disease.

Stages of education rash on body in children or adults:

  • First, small spots appear on the armpits, the buttocks, the upper part of the chest, the hip triangle. That is the "warm" areas of the body.
  • Further, spreading throughout the body, the rash of scarlet fever spreading in the face. Nasolabial triangle is very different from the red of the cheeks.
  • Red rashes gradually fade, and on the 10th day and disappear entirely.
  • The area under the knees – the only place where a rash of "leave" in a hurry.
  • Your doctor may also discover a rash on the tissues of the throat, tonsils, tongue and soft palate.
  • Rash always accompanied by itching.
  • When pressed on the ulcer weak specialist sees that its shape become sharper, if you push a metal spatula stronger, the skin ulcer becomes Golden brown.
  • When viewed from afar, it seems that the body there is one large red spot. However on closer and detailed inspection, the specialist can distinguish between a variety of roseola – small specks that merge into one big blur.
  • Rashes have a diameter of maximum 2 mm. the Center of the ulcer usually has the most vivid color.
  • It is also found scarlet fever without a rash. When the body is not a rash, but other symptoms are present.
The characteristic scarlet fever rash does not emit the liquid by itself or when clicked. They are mostly dry. To touch the skin with the rash is rough, like sandpaper, and dry.

The rash of scarlet fever appears on the itchy parts. This sets it apart from Allergy, when the skin does not change its color.

The next stage of the disease – skin peeling.The rash is slowly receding back and the top layer of the skin begins to peel. The intensity of peeling is correlated with the intensity of the rash. As mentioned above, on the feet and hands the skin peels off in large plates, while other parts of the body it is peeling off in small particles. Peeling feet and hands happens in the last turn. It usually starts from the nail of the fingers and moves on to palm. If the disease was mild, then it is for dry skin specialist may reveal its presence. Peeling and rash do not leave the skin traces in the form of pigmentation. The skin acquires its normal form.

In addition to the above, experts say cases of complications in adults and children, when the body may be few bacteria pathogens. In such cases, the characteristic rash combined with other types.

  • In hemorrhagic rash along with typical scarlet fever rash on the body there bleeding a bright red color. They appear on the neck, in the armpits and on the inner sides of the thigh.
  • Miliary rash – a bubble, inside which there is a yellow turbid liquid, which gives the skin a yellow tinge.
  • The third type of rashes that appear on the extensor surfaces of the hands and feet – rosealina-papular.

In addition to the scarlet fever, there are other infectious diseases affecting children and occurring with rash. However, for example, measles or rubella manifest itself as a rash on the face from the first day, whereas the rash of scarlet fever is spreading to the face only on the 2nd or 3rd day.

When rubella or crust rashes prikrivaut the whole face, whereas scarlet fever does not affect the nasolabial triangle on the face.

Treatment of the rash in scarlet fever

In the acute form of the disease in children experts prescribe inpatient treatment. If the disease occurs in mild form, the patient can be treated at home. First and foremost, the patient is isolated. Within 2 weeks of enforced bed rest. Observed diet, which involves eating semi-solid food and food rich in vitamins. Children better not to let the school or daycare and limit contact with other children, especially in the first days of the disease.

Antibiotics – drugs which can not do without in the treatment of the rash. Experts use penicillin, Cefazolin and macrolide. The last two are used as reserve drugs. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, use medication containing penicillin synthetic origin.

Over the next 12 days, after bed rest the patient should observe the rules of treatment and not to visit the collective organization. In the case of the first symptoms of scarlet fever in children or adults, be sure to consult a specialist. An adult patient who has undergone a recovery, may be at work, and at the team of the last 12 days of treatment, with ongoing monitoring by a specialist.