Right upper lobe pneumonia treatment

Pneumonia – what is it?

Pneumonia is a General term describing a wide variety of inflammation of the lung tissue. The disease can develop in both adults and children.

Any inflammation is a protective mechanism of the human organism to the presence of foreign organisms (bacteria or viruses) or damaged tissue.

The course and severity of the disease is due, primarily, to a specific type of microbe. Another important factor is the age of the person, his lifestyle, which is based on General physical condition and the possible presence of other diseases.

Epidemiology

Pneumonia is one of long-term severe inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system not only in our country but throughout the world. Even in the era of antibiotics, this disease die every year 3-5 million people worldwide, and this figure tend to increase. Mortality from pneumonia ranks second among the diseases of the respiratory system. The disease affects all age groups. The most frequently affected age group of 5 years and older than 6o years (which often have other chronic diseases).

Pathogenesis

Infection occurs mainly by inhalation, i.e. by droplets. Another way is represented by microasperities secretions from the nasopharynx into the lungs. The development of pneumonia occurs if the damage to the natural protective barriers.

Classification of diseases

Pneumonia is divided into several types. First of all, it:

Right-sided inflammation (inflammation of the right lung)

• right upper lobe pneumonia (pneumonia of the upper lobe of the right lung),
• right srednedushevoj pneumonia (inflammation of the middle segment of the right lung),
• right lower lobe pneumonia (inflammation of the lower lobe of the right lung).

Levostoronnee inflammation (inflammation of the left lung):

• left upper lobe pneumonia (inflammation of the upper segment of the left lung),
• left srednedushevoe pneumonia (inflammation of the middle segment of the left lung),
• left lower lobe pneumonia (inflammation of the lower segment of the left lung).

Infectious pneumonia and its types

Community-acquired type is a disease in which an infection occurs in the ordinary environment. Triggering mechanisms in this case can be: hemophilic Bacillus, pneumococcus, chlamydia and Mycoplasma pneumonia, and viruses.

Nosocomial type, is pneumonia acquired in the hospital environment. Environment health institutions colonized by certain strains of bacteria that are adapted to local conditions, since they came to the development of specific mechanisms of resistance (e.g. to antibiotics). The neutralization of these organisms is a complex undertaking and often, despite adherence to the principles of hygiene, it is not possible to completely eliminate them from the hospital environment. For example, the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus are bacteria that can, particularly in hospitalized severely weakened individuals cause inflammation of the lungs.

Statistics indicates that the incidence of this disease in our country does not exceed 10 cases per 1000 hospitalized people. However, the disease is considered serious and always continues the stay of the person in the hospital.

The third type of illness is represented by the so-called pneumonia that occurs in individuals with impaired immunity. To immunosuppression usually comes from people who have or there is underlying disease (cancer, congenital disorders of the immune system, AIDS, etc.), or immunity to some extent violates the medication (e.g., corticosteroids). In such cases, comes toreduce the body's ability to protect its cells and organs. It is an inflammation of the lungs, usually characterized by severe course, often even fatal. In contrast to the above two types, the lung disease of this type is called simple organisms and fungi.

A special type of disease is pneumonia, congestive. This disease can develop in people with prolonged restriction of movement (for example, it is typical for bedridden patients) due to the accumulation of blood (as well as mucus) in the posterior segments of the lungs. As a result of insufficient blood circulation comes to the creation of favorable conditions for the attack and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus.

The left-side and right-side pneumonia – symptoms

Symptoms may vary depending on the pathogen, they can be viruses or bacteria. The symptoms are characterized by the following signs:

1. Cough (initially dry, irritating, later – with phlegm).
2. Rise in temperature.
3. Also, there is a chest pain of different intensity or tingling.
4. In the case of the presence of more severe forms of pneumonia is shortness of breath.
5. If the causative agent is a virus, there may be flu-like symptoms, including headaches, joint and muscle pain, nausea, sometimes vomiting.

Diagnostics

The doctor will diagnose the disease based on the person's problems, according to the results of a physical examination and blood tests. The main reference is the x-ray diffraction, which indicates the presence of inflammatory changes in the lung tissue (also determined affected by left, right light or both).

Detection of the disease is extremely complex, indicates that up to half of the cases of pneumonia are not installed. However, if the disease does not respond to therapy (resistant bacteria) may be necessary to use invasive methods of survey sampling effusion of the lungs, which will help to determine the causative agent and test it for sensitivity to antibiotics.

Left and right pneumonia treatment

Treatment of right-sided pneumonia, as well as the left hand side, is based on the severity of the current state of health, age and the presence of other diseases. Based on these factors, the decision about the appropriateness of the admission. Otherwise, healthy people at the age of 60 years (or older) can be treated at home (these patients account for the majority of cases), patients with severe course of the disease is always present the need for hospitalization.

1. Bacterial infectious pneumonia
   We are talking about a common type of pneumonia caused by bacteria, such as streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, and many others. Bacteria into the lungs often through the mouth and upper respiratory tract. Pseudomonas usually cause pneumonia in people with cystic fibrosis. Manifestations, usually heavy – high temperature (over 38°C), weakness, and productive cough, may appear shortness of breath. Treatment: antibiotics are used, in particular, Aminopenicillin and Cephalosporins. Their dosage and method of administration depends on the severity of the patient's condition. In addition, this method of treatment in young healthy people with mild symptoms suggests the possibility of treatment at home. Pneumonia caused by intracellular bacteria such as chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Legionella. These specific microorganisms cause inflammation of the lungs, which your current resembles viral pneumonia (see below). The treatment of this disease includes several different antibiotics. Chlamydia, Legionella and Mycoplasma are susceptible to Erythromycin and Tetracycline.

   

2. Viral infectious pneumonia
   This type of pneumonia is caused by viruses, such as influenza virus, cytomegalovirus, and sometimes, the herpes virus. Symptoms usually less severe than typical pneumonia. The man has a pretty nasty irritant dry cough, maybe the shortness of breath, is the pain in the chest, fever (up to 38°C). Treatment: viral infections are amenable to treatment is not as good as bacterial. As a rule, in addition to symptomatic therapy, used antiviral drugs.
3. Fungal infectious pneumonia
   Cause of pneumonia is fungi. Healthy people is a rare type of the disease, is more common in people with weakened immune systems. That is why the disease characteristic of AIDS patients and people taking immunosuppressants. Symptoms presents with dry cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, etc. Treatment: antifungal drugs are used, which represent compounds active against fungi.

Prevention

The most common is bacterial pneumonia, which often affects the mucous membranes, weakened by previous viral flu. Prevention of bacterial pneumonia, mainly, presents the timely vaccination against the flu, or at least consistent treatment (bed rest, plenty of fluids, fruits and vegetables, vitamins, etc.).

Conclusion

In addition tothe above-mentioned prevention it is important to emphasize that the fever, accompanied by cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, especially in older people, is a reason to visit a doctor who will determine further steps.