Disease of the colon symptoms

Zabolevaniya tolstogo kishechnika simptomy

The colon is part of the digestive system, where the completion of the process of digestion, focus food residues, forming a chair. Regular emptying of the colon is one of the main physiological functions of the body. Failure of this function affects not only the physical and mental feelings of the people, but can lead to serious complications, causing disease of the colon.

The colon is one of the most common sources of health problems. Probably there is no person who would not understand diseases of the colon. The most common symptoms accompany diseases of the colon, include constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, painful bowel movements, rectal bleeding…

The most common diseases of the colon include irritable bowel syndrome, tumors of the colon, colitis, hemorrhoids, ulcers... All these diseases that occur in the colon, caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, especially unhealthy diet (composition, quantity, method of cooking) to treat or alleviate the symptoms by using appropriate supplements.

Irritable bowel syndrome

This disease is a functional disorder, which has resulted in such difficulties as problems with evacuation and pain in the colon. The disease usually occurs in adolescence or young adulthood.

The disease causes, in particular, factors such as:

  • stress,
  • various infections,
  • hormonal disturbance,
  • food intolerance.

    Zabolevaniya tolstogo kishechnika simptomy

The most common cause is long-term treatment with antibiotics that disrupt the balance of intestinal flora. Early symptoms of the disease include:

  • indigestion,
  • sensitivity to lactose,
  • abdominal pains,
  • abdominal distention,
  • frequent constipation,
  • the feeling of physical fatigue,
  • frequent diarrhea.

Main reason

The disease is caused by abnormal movement of the intestinal walls, causing pain and other disorders.

Irregular functioning of the intestine causing a condition in which his movements are painful for humans, there are pains in stomach and various other unpleasant phenomena. Often also have other symptoms that seem unrelated to digestion, such as back pain. Can also cause disorders in which the affected colon treatment with antibacterial drugs of any inflammatory diseases, the cause may be and the inflammation. Many people do not realise the effects of stress, in that time, as the disease often causes is stress. The human gut reacts to stress is very sensitive (enough to remember diarrhoea during problematic periods).

Diagnostics

During the diagnosis should be excluded other diseases for which is not impacted colon – diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of different origins. Thus, the diagnosis is quite complex and requires a lot of research.

Zabolevaniya tolstogo kishechnika simptomy

In the case of suspected symptomirritable bowel, basic medical examination, as a rule, is not enough. In addition to the basic surveys required a colonoscopy and ultrasound, these techniques focused mainly on the exclusion of diseases of other organs. The symptoms of this ailment are very similar to manifestations of diseases of the mucous membrane of the abdominal cavity, colitis and cancer, therefore, to establish a correct diagnosis, ultrasound and colonoscopy of the colon represent an absolutely necessary procedure. When the survey excluded all diseases with similar symptoms, only then it becomes clear that it is irritable bowel syndrome.

Treatment

Irritable bowel syndrome is not a disease that can be cured with the help of shorter or long-term therapy drugs. The only way to treatment of intestinal diseases is lifestyle change.

Under recovery it is advisable to avoid stress or stress factors caused by situations that are the most common causes of the disease. Regular exercise is also important since they improve bowel function and normalize its activities.

It is very important to give up bad habits that distract the person during the evacuation, such as reading in the toilet. Bad habits submitted by Smoking, excessive consumption of coffee and alcohol in the case of irritable bowel syndrome prohibited, because to a significant extent adversely affect the already improper functioning.

In the case of amplification of symptoms, cramps can be alleviated by using a warm compress on the belly. The constipation can help alleviate the drinking of warm water.

It should be mentioned that this disease causes the alternation of diarrhea and constipation.

Change eating habits

The symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and eating habits are closely related to each other, so you need to change the way of life, in particular, from the point of view of eating habits.

During diarrhea, you must exclude from your diet foods that have a laxative effect or cause flatulence. First of all, such products are beans, carbonated drinks, flour products and yeast dough.

In the case of constipation, it is advisable to increase the intake of fiber and liquids, which supports the proper functioning of the intestines and cleans the wall.

In addition, it is recommended to completely eliminate from the diet certain types of food. These include the following products: sweets, desserts and all foods that contain a lot of sugar. You must avoid dairy products high in fat, red meat, coffee, alcohol and all products that contain a large number incomprehensible to the average person, supplements.

On the contrary, it is recommended that consumption of probiotic yoghurt, fruit and vegetables, fish, poultry and raw rice.

Compliance with the above rules may lead to a significant improvement of symptoms and even to complete recovery.

Inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory disease characterized by edema and excessive blood flow to the intestine and usually accompanied by abdominal pain. Most often, it refers to the colon, which can be irritated due to many reasons and factors.

The cause of the inflammation

  1. A cover of the nerves of the lumbar or thoracic spine.
  2. The accumulation of gas (especially in children).
  3. Consumption of various fruits or seeds, e.g. cumin or poppy.
  4. Sedentary work without enough movement.
  5. Strongly tightened the belt on the pants or skirts.
  6. The use of certain medications and alcohol consumption.
  7. Consumption of certain vegetables or spices.
  8. Stress.
  9. Exercise with a full stomach after a meal.

Inflammatory bowel disease, in accordance with their causes, divided into:

  1. Specific ischemic colitis, collagenous colitis, infectious colitis and celiac disease.
  2. Nonspecific – nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Specific inflammatory disease

Ischemic colitis

Zabolevaniya tolstogo kishechnika simptomy

The disease occurs when reduced blood flow in the large intestine, when the arteries are narrowed or blocked. Reducing the space for blood flow can cause pain in the left abdomen and therefore cause injuries of the colon. The flow blockage can lead to the death of intestinal tissue, hence there is a need for immediate surgical intervention. During the operation, blockage and damaged part of the intestine removed. Typical patients with this problem are mainly people older than 60 years.

Symptoms

  1. Abdominal pain or cramps.
  2. Blood in the stool (red or maroon).
  3. Diarrhea.

The disease is more serious if the symptoms occur on the right side of the abdomen. On the right side are the arteries that supply blood not only the colon but the small intestine. The pain in this case is much more intense.

Medical care

Seek medical assistance the person needs in the case that occurssudden strong abdominal pain. It is so unpleasant that people could not sit. To consult a doctor should in that case, if blood appears in the stool or bloody diarrhea.

Reasons

  1. Accumulation of fat in the arteries.
  2. Extremely low blood pressure.
  3. Heart failure.
  4. Condition after surgery.
  5. Illness or injury caused by electric shock.
  6. The occurrence of venous thrombosis.
  7. The appearance of hernias, scarring or tumors.
  8. Operations on the heart, blood vessels or gynecological surgery.
  9. Health problems related to blood – for example, lupus, inflammation of blood vessels, sickle-cell anemia.
  10. Colon cancer.
  11. Taking certain types of medications – e.g. NSAIDs, medicines for the heart or against migraines, hormonal preparations with estrogen, antibiotics, pseudoephedrine, drugs for chemotherapy.

Risk factor

  1. Age older than 60 years.
  2. In an earlier age the presence of a symptom of ischemic colitis, bleeding disorders or vasculitis.
  3. High cholesterol.
  4. A person has had abdominal surgery, heart failure or shock.
  5. Irritable bowel syndrome.
  6. Excessive exercise (e.g. marathon running).
  7. Operations associated with the aorta.

Treatment

  • Drugs – antibiotics, in case of dehydration administration of intravenous infusions.
  • Surgery – removal of dead tissue, repair or remove the damaged part of the colon, the fix a blocked artery.

Collagenous colitis

Collagenous colitis affects fat and rectum. Along with lymphocytic colitis disease is microscopic colitis. The development of the disease is due to the increase in the number of white blood cells present in the epithelium of the intestines. This type of inflammatory bowel disease does not cause cancer. Patients often become female, aged about 45 years.

Symptoms

  1. Watery diarrhea without bleeding which can last for years.
  2. Abdominal pains.
  3. Spasms in the abdomen.
  4. Abdominal distention.
  5. A slight weight reduction.
  6. Dehydration.
  7. Nausea.
  8. Weakness.
  9. Uncontrolled chair.

Treatment

Collagenous colitis is usually treated with conventional therapy (medication). There is rarely a need for surgical intervention.

Infectious colitis

It is an inflammation of the intestines caused by bacteria of the genus Shigella, Escherichia and Salmonella or viruses (rotavirus, neurovirology). We are talking about the most common type of intestinal inflammation that is associated with fever and diarrhea. The most severe form occurs after treatment with certain types of antibiotics that disturb the intestinal flora. Comes to the proliferation of clostridia, which cause inflammation, people need to be exposed to surgery, which is done from the body temporary or even permanent withdrawal.

A tumor of the colon and colorectal cancer

It is a malignant tumor of the lower digestive tract, which is among the major causes of mortality not only in our country but in the world. We are talking about localization of the most frequent tumors in the gastrointestinal tract.

Reasons

Causes of colon cancer is represented by the factors of the internal environment of the organism (endogenous – for example, heredity, metabolism, etc.) and environmental factors (nutrition and lifestyle, carcinogenic substances in the environment that enters the body and cause disease).

Malignant tumor of the colon develops from benign tumours – polyp (usually adenomas), which can have some very similar symptoms as the tumor itself (abdominal pain, bleeding in the intestines, etc.).

In the microscopic image there are several types of benign tumors that have a tendency to further transformation into a malignant (cancer). In each of these types of benign tumors (polyps – adenomas) occur in specific cellular changes that are called dysplasia. Here are also distinguished 3 stages. After the last, most difficult stage, cancer develops. Such development may take years. Although the recent localization of colon cancer moving to his right side, still is the most common tumor localization in the left part of the colon. Most tumors are located at the depth of 5-10 cm from the anus and therefore are on the level of achievement with your fingers or a proctoscope (a device for optical studies of the rectum).

Symptoms

Symptoms in the early stages of colon cancer can remain undetected for a very long time, especially in the case when the tumor is in a place of the colon, which has a sufficiently wide internal diameter, due to which there is no pressure on the surrounding organs.

Later can reach to weight loss (the warning sign of this fact is, especially in obese people who have previously struggled, but to no avail, trying to lose weight!), anemia, which gradually deepens. A very characteristic symptom is a change in bowel movements(diarrhea or constipation – problems on a regular basis).

At a later stage, may show bleeding in the stool.

Treatment

Treatment belongs in the hands of the surgeon and the oncologist. Each malignant tumor of the colon needs to be examined by these experts, because is not a tumor in the colon can lead to the further development of complications such as bowel obstruction. In this case, it must be surgically removed to save the life of a person.