SanPiN on intestinal infections new

What are Regulations and why you need it

Regulations is a normative act, which establishes certain criteria for human safety. These rules and regulations must be followed, because they are aimed at helping to reduce the potential threat of the circulation of the infection. This manages not to spread the infection in most parts of the territory and not to infect other people. Regulations established at the state level, therefore, binding on all institutions, enterprises, public organizations. There is no difference in forms of ownership or departmental subordination. Anti-epidemic measures in case of intestinal infections will be treated equally in all institutions.

Develop these rules, given the laws, international Convention and many other documents. Compliance with SanPiN have to be performed in all institutions. For its failure followed by a hard punishment.

The Role Of SanPiN

In different institutions it plays a role. But its importance is to prevent the spread of the disease and not to expand it to most of the territory. Because of this fewer people pick up an intestinal infection and not spread it further. Because of the particular danger of such infections exist for young children and people with weakened organism.

In addition, SanPiN plays a huge role in the prevention of intestinal diseases. Therefore, the rules spelled out all the necessary activities in a complex of sanitary, hygienic processes and prevention. Rules and regulations must contain all the characteristics of the organization, diagnosis and treatment.

Intestinal diseases in General position SanPiN

Acute intestinal infection a wide band. The main causative agents of diseases, enterobacteria and microorganisms of viral origin. Penetrating into the body they cause damage to the digestive tract, poisoning, and diarrhea. There are cases when the disease is asymptomatic, but the man remains a carrier and spreading of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms.

In viral infection celebrated joining changes in the upper respiratory tract. Adenovirus infection often break from the bronchi, and suffer from rotavirus throat. Once in the body protozoal infection that makes the symptoms resembling bacterial.

To OKI includes diseases caused by these pathogens.:

• bacteria,
• viruses,
• food toxic infection.

They include the disease according to the established etiologies that cause rotaviruses, enteropathogenic bacteria and viruses. Of unknown etiology are those diseases that are not included in the intestinal infection. In addition, this includes toxic infections caused by unidentified pathogens. While berry and mushroom poisoning, botulism and Salmonella are not part of.

Prevention

Prevention of acute intestinal infections SP describes the details. It includes several types of actions. Among them, the state, conducting research, even hygiene. All this is necessary to prevent disease, their minimumdissemination and training actions that will prevent infection.

Prevention activities oversee full compliance with all these provisions in Sunpine:

• at production facilities,
• on water utilities,
• when storing products,
• during transportation,
• at realization,
• on objects of public catering,
• in medical and prophylactic institutions,
• holiday home,
• sanatoria.

Necessary to carry out the supervision in child and adult team, with all the features. This helps to timely detect the outbreak and protect it from healthy people.

Hygienic training and education

Mandatory preventive measures include training and education of people. To do this, workers in certain occupations receive training that is associated with the production, preparation, storage, transport and sale of food. May also train on the water for the needs of the population. Thus all who takes part in contact with food are required to have a medical card, which has the necessary surveys.

Is also education of the population. To do this, use the media that help to quickly disseminate the necessary information. This helps to prevent intestinal diseases or to provide knowledge about how to behave during infection.

Laboratory examination

To comply with Regulations on intestinal infections it is important periodically to do laboratory research. They provide an opportunity to test and verify the security and health. Hold them in different groups.

Went to work, everyone must pass the examination. To do this he must pass the bacteriological examination, identifying enteropathogenic. To pass such tests, it is necessary only in special institutions. It can be the center of gosavianadzora or medical facility.

Identify carriers and affected for the prevention of intestinal infection. Carry out inspections in institutions. It makes all pre-school institutions, boarding schools, summer camps. Identifying these children in the formation of the team establish medical surveillance, record information about the state of children, their body temperature, characteristics of the chair and other complaints.

Required by SanPiN children after 5 days of absence in the preschool institution can take the team back only when they have information about the absence of disease. If the child was sick, it indicated his diagnosis. Therefore, even in the absence of illness, it is necessary to take help from your pediatrician. This morning the parents have a daily survey on the condition of the child today. If there are complaints, pattern of the clinical picture, the child is protected from the collective.

The admission

Entering the hospital, sanatorium, nursing homes and other institutions for inpatient treatment, it is necessary to pass the examination on the OKA. It is produced by epidotization and clinical data to test for the presence of enteropathogenic bacteria. This will help in further treatment and if positive, will provide an opportunity to protect him from other patients and medical staff.

Measures against epidemic

After identifying intestinal infection, the patient should be protected from the collective. Immediately begins the whole process of activities to prevent the spread of the epidemic. For fencing off the infected from the healthy is not necessary to wait for the final diagnosis. In the case of intestinal diseases better safe than in the future to a real epidemic at all the institution, having infected the whole team.

The group, which had identified an intestinal infection be sure to quarantine for a period of one week. After removal of the sick from the team at SanPiN must be disinfected and thoroughly clean. This is required for dishes, floors, bathrooms. If the case was held in preschool institution, then subjected to disinfecting toys, pots and all children are directly touched. After that, you need to call the exterminators, whose workers will conduct final disinfection.

The period of quarantine

According to SanPiN on the quarantine it is necessary to increase control over the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic regime for prevention. So devote more time to personal hygiene, conduct periodic disinfection, obezzarajivatei dishes, floors, cleaning utensils and other things.

When quarantine in the children's team, contact children need constant supervision. They definitely measured the temperature, inspected their chair. Also, a new child or a translation from another group can not join the team in quarantine. This is due to the fact that the new person is not infected, if the infection still spread throughout the team. The appointment of new staff or the transfer cannot be for the same reason.

If necessary, bacteriological examination is carried out. This will help to identify infected or confirm the absence of in their body of the infection. The missing part of the team at the time of contacting patients at home and will be observed at the placeinhabitations.

The emergence of a large number of diseases

The detection in the team of two or more cases, the institution must examine on the day of detection of cases. This is the team, which includes:

• epidemiologist,
• infectiologist,
• sanitary doctor.

The latest specialist called to suspicion what happened the infectious diseases transmission through food. It will therefore be necessary medical doctor who understands food hygiene.

On the day of detection of cases, all other members of the team are compulsory bacteriological examination. If the disease arose immediately in several groups, the survey is conducted and they have. If such a disease occurred in child care, the additional in addition to children, examine the staff.

The required number of studies for each person is determined by the epidemiologist. This is necessary when different duration of the incubation period. Just so happens to find the infected and spend their treatment.

Examination of the hearth

An epidemiological survey it is necessary. It helps to identify the boundaries of the hearth, what kind of pathogen is present and through which the contact path is transmitted. Such methods help to accurately determine the type of pathogen, while there is a clear understanding of its ways of distribution that will help you to take all precautions, and identify contact people.

Such surveys can be conducted in different institutions and even in family foci of infection. If in the future, there is repeated or specialists have suspected the replay, the survey carried out by experts of the special sanitary and hygienic profile. They most definitely will be able to check the sources of contamination and give an accurate answer.

Working with source

To identify the source, it is necessary to conduct clinical and laboratory research. First, conduct a biological survey of employees. Maybe one of them is a carrier of the infection, spreading it to others. Conducting a study of feces and blood. Possible or necessary, the blood test repeated after a week. This will show the presence or absence of antibodies. The number of such tests will be determined by the epidemiologist.

When you identify the kind of bacteria will be determined on intraspecific type. In the future he will be compared to identified in the outbreak strains.

After identifying the source

After finding all sources for contact people watching by the maximum number of days of the incubation period. In this period, laboratory examinations contact person absolutely are not suspended from his workplace. But only if they have no symptoms.

A positive result of the tests will send all the infected to the hospital. There will establish a more accurate diagnosis and characteristics of symptoms. In the future, the patient will be treated until full recovery.

If the person identified as the carrier, it is transferred to another job. Do it temporarily, so he didn't infect the rest of the team and does not increase the risk of spreading disease. If you translate it is impossible, according to SanPiN he was excluded from work. At the same time must pay benefits according to sitehouse.

Neutralization of the transmission

Foci of infection specialists are sampling all of the necessary materials. They will be sent for study. Take samples:

• waters,
• prepared food,
• products'.

Be sure to conduct flushing of equipment, tools, clothes. Also required collection of swabs from the hands of the employees.

Suspect the transmission must be removed prior to the end of all sanitary measures. Also carry out obligatory disinfection, but only after isolating the patient. If the case were isolated, it is enough to aid in disinfection. In multiple cases, can not do without the involvement of specialists.

Protivoepidemicheskie sanitary regime of preschool institution

Often the spread of the OKA depends on the sanitary condition of the premises, compliance with all sanitary norms and rules. Special attention is paid to children's institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to follow some rules. They will help to avoid the spread of infection.

First of all, exclude the contact of different groups of children. It is better to do a group isolation. Especially when infected by only one group. This will help not to pass the infection on and limit its movement.

Be sure to secure for each child a group of your staff, which at the time mode will only work with them. The staff takes care of the hygiene of children, not forgetting yourself.

Each isolated group shall be provided only for their use, dishes, Cutlery, pots and other items. Cleaning equipment is also not made outside the group for use in other locations.

Personnel issued protective clothing for the different processes. Therefore, to feed the children and spend time with them in the playroom they will be in different robes.

Work with the room

Conducted daily wet cleaning with mandatory ventilation. Weekly cleaning with use of disinfectants. All soft toys should be removed and leave only those thatit will be convenient to wash with soap and water. Soft it is advisable to wash, disinfect and postponed until the end of the sanitary regime.

The dishes after a meal wash in water with baking soda and then rinsed with boiling water. If you are using bottles should be boiled. All the dishes are dried independently and do not need to wipe it with towels. Tables after eating, wash with a clean cloth or sponge with soap or detergent.

Linen each group is collected separately in a special bag. The surface of the playpen and changing tables at the end of the day to wash with soap and water.

The toilet need to carry out wet cleaning twice a day, using special detergents. In the nursery floor cleaned after all vysivani on the potty. In the future wash under running water and disinfect.

Prevention activities in the team

With the appearance of a group of hearth it is advisable to carry out preventive measures. To do this, the entire team used specific bacteriophages. They depend on the causative agent and its type. In the application of the drug is required to adhere to all instructions. This will help prevent disease in the future, spreading the infection.

Hospitalization of infected

If necessary, patients hospitalitynet, considering clinical and epidemiological evidence.

For clinical are patients with severe and moderate form of the disease. Also be sure to hospitalized children up to two years and children with complications. Weak people and with the presence of aggravating diseases in addition to intestinal infection is also subject to administration in the hospital. Those who have chronic diseases in their acute need of skilled care.

According to epidemiological indications of hospitalization are subject to virtually all the sick and those who cannot comply with anti-epidemic regime.

In all other cases can be treated on an outpatient basis.

Extract

According to SanPiN extract patients can only be made after laboratory analysis with a negative result. This category includes children, some of the production workers and professions. It also includes people that were in closed facility with constant presence in it.

All other categories of patients are discharged with clinical recovery. Only your physician can determine whether or not to carry out the survey. In this case, everything will depend on the characteristics of the disease or in the presence of complications.

If the test results are positive, then treatment will simply continue. In the future, again carried out a survey and if it again shows a positive result, then such a person is put on dispensary registration. At the same time people need to transfer to another job, where they will not come into contact with the same production. The transfer will be temporary or permanent, it all depends on the further dispensary observation.

Prophylactic medical examination

During the examination the person is observed during the month. He needs to make 2 bacteriological analysis at the end of the observation. The interval between tests is 3 days. If under medical supervision had a baby, then when you return to preschool, be sure to check his chair and to monitor the overall condition. If the chair of the child during the clinical examination of the unstable, he abruptly dropped the weight and feels is unsatisfactory, it is necessary to perform additional tests.

People with chronic form are registered for at least 3 months. Each month they need to appear in the examination by giving tests. After a negative analysis, the person is removed from the dispensary.

Events with the potential threat

In some cases there is potential risk of intestinal diseases. Therefore, the Sanitary code has instructions for just such occasions. They can occur during floods, long and heavy rainfall, rapid rise of temperature of the air at social phenomena in the form of turning off the water or electricity.

Therefore, in this period increases the sanitary inspection for food industry, catering organizations and other important objects. Also try to quickly identify patients on these organizations and to protect them from workplace and the rest of the team.

You must provide all information for actions during all activities. Also collected data and necessary information to understand the situation. Also conduct a retrospective analysis for 5 years. It sometimes helps to understand the seasonality or location of intestinal diseases.