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Vaccination against rotavirus infections in children up to years

Rotavirus infection is the most common intestinal infections worldwide. The infection affects all ages, from infants (usually 6 months, but there is a chance to get before). Every year from rotavirus killed over half a million children. Almost completely solve the problem of heavy course of the disease is possible through vaccination from this infection.

Privivka ot rotovirusnyh infekcij detyam do goda

The need for vaccination

In more than 60 countries vaccination against rotavirus infections to all children is mandatory in Russia, unfortunately, it is not (but soon will be considered the option of making a vaccine from rotavirus in the national vaccination calendar). Vaccination is done on a voluntary basis and only in private clinics or special centers of vaccination of the population.

The decision parents have to make, and opinions about the need for vaccinating against rotavirus are separated:

  1. In infancy the child is doing without many different rotavirus vaccination. While the immunity produced himself closer to 5 years when the child will carry the disease for 1-2 times. Many moms believe that the rotavirus vaccination is only done for extra money,
  2. Vaccination it is necessary to do, because of the possible complications of rotavirus is due to severe dehydration and intoxication. In the result, complications can arise. For example, children under one year of age have a chance of development of hemorrhagic shock (rapid exit of blood from the vascular bed), encephalopathy (brain disease), ulcerative enterocolitis (inflammation of the lining of the intestines) and cardiovascular failure. Also the disturbed water and electrolyte balance due to dehydration leads to kidney failure.

The death rate from rotavirus infection reaches 3%, the fatal result, as a rule, complications.

Vaccination against rotavirus

Not so long ago was created the vaccine from rotavirus in the form of oral drops (no shots, which is good when talking about young children). Widely used two types of vaccine: RotaTeq (USA) and Rotarix (Belgium).

Rotatek vaccine derived from strains of man and bull, is a live attenuated vaccine. It consists of 5 varieties of rotavirusa. Of the child to vaccinate the vaccine Rotarac need as early as possible (on reaching 6 weeks), thus improving efficiency. The main difference is that this vaccine induces immunity to no one species of rotavirus, and almost all possible (all studied by science). The course includes all 3 stages:

  1. First vaccination at the age of 6 to 12 weeks,
  2. Second after 4-10 weeks (look at the health of the baby and the reaction),
  3. The third is also done through 4-10 weeks.
Privivka ot rotovirusnyh infekcij detyam do goda

Rotarix – the basis only of human strains, live attenuated vaccine, but the immune system produces to fewer types of disease (the most common). You can instill with the same age – 6 weeks. Just done 2 vaccinations with an interval in a month.

Vaccination is recommended to take until the child reaches 6 months, until the peak incidence of rotavirus. At this age the child began to explore the world, pulls in a mouth everything that comes to hand (wash and process all impossible), is starting to crawl (floors even after thorough washing and attacked a large number of microbes) and, of course, pull then hand to mouth. A rotavirus infection and dirty hands – best friends.

Both types of vaccination significantly reduces the risk of Contracting severe rotavirus up to 90% with regard to medium and light weight – 70-85% (which is also quite good). After the beginning of the grafting morbidity and mortality from rotavirus has nearly halved worldwide.

In addition, the experts found that after vaccination, the chance of experiencing diarrhea is reduced by almost 45%. During the course of vaccination does not require any change in the diet, the child will be able to eat a normal familiar food for him.

Many mothers believe that breast milk may prevent the development of immunity against rotavirus, and stop feeding for a long time, however, it is a strong delusion. Breast milk not only does not hinder, but beneficial effect on the formation of the immune system of the baby. The vaccine can be done in parallel with others.

Preparation

You only need to visit the pediatrician before vaccination to identify contraindications. Other training vaccination against rotavirus is not required.

Also go to the doctor you need with questions aboutintestinal infection, to reject all doubts, or to decide to refuse. To do this, just need to ask about all the consequences of the disease and, therefore, vaccination against it.

Contraindications for vaccination:

  • Any acute disease at the time of grafting,
  • Severe degree of immunodeficiency diseases,
  • An increased level of sensitivity to individual components of the strain (for example, vaccine Raterisk is composed of latex),
  • Bad reaction to the first dose of vaccination,
  • Various malformations of the digestive tract,
  • One was a intussusception.
Privivka ot rotovirusnyh infekcij detyam do goda

Vaccination to be done with extreme caution:

  • Debilitated children,
  • Children who have a obstruction of the intestinal tract,
  • Children, with cancer cells or other diseases that lower the immune system,
  • Children on immunodepressantnoe therapy.

Side effects of vaccination

Most children are vaccinated survive safely, with no side effects. However, as with any other medicine, every body behaves differently, and there may be complications.

First and foremost, can manifest allergic reaction. Very rare, but can cause severe Allergy, it is manifested almost at the same moment within one hour after vaccination.

Among the light reactions: irritability or weakness, one-time vomiting, fever, diarrhea, loss of appetite, swelling in the throat, rashes on the skin, crackling in his voice, or frequent and profuse vomiting. During the first weeks after vaccinated child have to watch his stools (check for blood clots), vomiting, and abdominal pain. No significant action to take is not necessary if the condition is not causing anxiety. Often sufficient to give simple medications to facilitate, for example, antipyretic.

If these symptoms happen (and it happens already after the first vaccination) and it has been well established that this reaction to the strain, this means only one thing – to continue the course in any case impossible.

After the first dose of the vaccine, there is a (very rare cases, approximately 1:100000) intussusception of the bowel (intestinal obstruction caused by partial implementation of one part of intestine into another), which requires immediate surgical intervention. Despite this benefit greatly exceeds the risk of adverse reactions. Immunity is produced without a problem even in HIV-infected babies and premature infants.

Interaction with other drugs

To reduce the likelihood of development of immunity can any drugs immunosuppressive and cytotoxic nature, you also want to remove all the antimetabolites and corticosteroids.

The opinion of Dr. E. Komarovsky

Known children's doctor supports vaccination against rotavirus infection due to the fact that the vaccine significantly reduced the spread of infection to 70-85%, and also protects 95% of the heavy course of the disease. Enteric viruses can easily penetrate into the human body, and rotavirus sick almost 100% of the population.

Privivka ot rotovirusnyh infekcij detyam do goda

Vaccine from rotavirus literally able to save so many little lives and copes with its task.

Despite all the advantages of vaccination of children from rotavirus, in Russia the choice is up to the parents, and not everyone uses this opportunity. Remember that when rotavirus is better not to delay treatment.